ReviewThe EMBO journal2015
Complement activation, regulation, and molecular basis for complement-related diseases.
Review in The EMBO journal, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 200 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
200 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 361 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association of complement components with the risk and severity of NAFLD: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Pooled it
- Therapeutic Targeting of the Complement System: From Rare Diseases to Pandemics.Pharmacological reviews · 2021Pooled it
- Safety and tolerability of avacincaptad pegol in combination with ranibizumab in treatment-naïve patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration: results from a phase 1 and phase 2a study.BMJ open ophthalmology · 2026Trial
- Complement-Regulatory Proteins CFHR1 and CFHR3 and Patient Response to Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody Therapy.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2017Trial
- Article
- Sparse neuronal C4 elevation induces network-wide transcriptomic and lipid-droplet remodeling in the cortical microenvironment.PLoS computational biology · 2026Article
- Complement factors C3 and C5 as tissue biomarkers for differentiating periprosthetic joint infection from aseptic implant failure.European journal of microbiology & immunology · 2026Article
- Molecular basis of diverse ligand recognition and species-specific pharmacology at the complement anaphylatoxin receptor C3aR.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Interactions Between Epidermal Growth Factor-Containing Fibulin-Like Extracellular Matrix Protein 1 and Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases-3 and Relevance to Age-Related Macular Degeneration.Ophthalmology science · 2026Review
- Age-dependent transcriptional remodeling of the liver and gallbladder in response to fasting in mice.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Gallbladder removal induces hepatic transcriptional and metabolic shifts with cholesterol dysregulation as a key feature.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Multi-dimensional immunoprotection of Ganoderma lucidum spore oil in immunosuppressed mice via microbiome-proteome-metabolome network analysis.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Article
- Characterization and Comparison of Milk Fat Globule Membrane Proteins, Whey Protein Concentrate, and Micellar Casein Concentrate.Food science & nutrition · 2026Article
- Modulator-induced conformational changes in complement C5, implications for function and drug design.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Impact of Malaria Infection on the Diagnostic Performance of Adipsin for Preeclampsia in Pregnancy: A Case-Control Study.Journal of pregnancy · 2026Article
- Immunometabolic Dysregulation in Preeclampsia: Emerging Roles of Inflammation, Insulin Resistance, Uric Acid, and the Gut Microbiome.Mediators of inflammation · 2026Review
- Redox Regulation of Complement Pathway Activation in Aging and Related Diseases.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Hemolysis-induced hepatic ferroptosis following xenotransfusion of genetically modified pig red blood cells.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Dual roles of complement in ulcerative colitis: insights from clinical studies and animal research.European journal of medical research · 2025Review
140 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The complement system is an essential element of the innate immune response that becomes activated upon recognition of molecular patterns associated with microorganisms, abnormal host cells, and modified molecules in the extracellular environment. The resulting proteolytic cascade tags the complement activator for elimination and elicits a pro-inflammatory response leading to recruitment and activation of immune cells from both the innate and adaptive branches of the immune system. Through these activities, complement functions in the first line of defense against pathogens but also contributes significantly to the maintenance of homeostasis and prevention of autoimmunity. Activation of complement and the subsequent biological responses occur primarily in the extracellular environment. However, recent studies have demonstrated autocrine signaling by complement activation in intracellular vesicles, while the presence of a cytoplasmic receptor serves to detect complement-opsonized intracellular pathogens. Furthermore, breakthroughs in both functional and structural studies now make it possible to describe many of the intricate molecular mechanisms underlying complement activation and the subsequent downstream events, as well as its cross talk with, for example, signaling pathways, the coagulation system, and adaptive immunity. We present an integrated and updated view of complement based on structural and functional data and describe the new roles attributed to complement. Finally, we discuss how the structural and mechanistic understanding of the complement system rationalizes the genetic defects conferring uncontrolled activation or other undesirable effects of complement.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.