ArticleeLife2015
HIV Tat controls RNA Polymerase II and the epigenetic landscape to transcriptionally reprogram target immune cells.
Article in eLife, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 66 citations in OpenAlex.
- TRIP12 promotes HIV-1 replication and latency reactivation by stabilizing Tat via USP7-mediated deubiquitination.Journal of virology · 2026Article
- Quantitative limits of host-driven HIV transcription and host gene control by the viral transactivator Tat.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- Investigating the dynamics of proviral silencing in polyclonal HIV-1 infected Jurkat cell populations.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Interaction between HIV-1 Tat and EBV Zta favours immune escape of B cells by downregulating HLA-ABC expression.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2026Article
- A dsRNA Viral Transcriptional Regulator Evades Innate Immunity by Hijacking Host CoTranscription Factor DHX9.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Article
- Neuropathogenesis of acute HIV: mechanisms, biomarkers, and therapeutic approaches.Current opinion in HIV and AIDS · 2025Review
- Nuclear warfare: pathogen manipulation of the nuclear pore complex and nuclear functions.mBio · 2025Review
- Intracellular HIV-1 Tat regulator induces epigenetic changes in the DNA methylation landscape.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Compensatory reactions of B cells in response to chronic HIV-1 Tat exposure.Journal of cellular physiology · 2025Article
- HIV-Tat upregulates the expression of senescence biomarkers in CD4Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- HIV Tat as a latency reversing agent: turning the tables on viral persistence.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Review
- HIV-1 Tat-Mediated Human Müller Glial Cell Senescence Involves Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Dysregulated Autophagy.Viruses · 2024Article
- Article
- Transcriptional regulation of the HIV-1 inhibitory factor human mannose receptor 1 by the myeloid-specific transcription factor PU.1.Journal of virology · 2024Article
- Genetic variation of the HIV-1 subtype C transmitted/founder viruses long terminal repeat elements and the impact on transcription activation potential and clinical disease outcomes.PLoS pathogens · 2023Article
- Restraint of IFN-γ expression through a distal silencer CNS-28 for tissue homeostasis.Immunity · 2023Article
- Host Cell Redox Alterations Promote Latent HIV-1 Reactivation through Atypical Transcription Factor Cooperativity.Viruses · 2022Article
- The Myeloid-Specific Transcription Factor PU.1 Upregulates Mannose Receptor Expression but Represses Basal Activity of the HIV-LTR Promoter.Journal of virology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
HIV encodes Tat, a small protein that facilitates viral transcription by binding an RNA structure (trans-activating RNA [TAR]) formed on nascent viral pre-messenger RNAs. Besides this well-characterized mechanism, Tat appears to modulate cellular transcription, but the target genes and molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. We report here that Tat uses unexpected regulatory mechanisms to reprogram target immune cells to promote viral replication and rewire pathways beneficial for the virus. Tat functions through master transcriptional regulators bound at promoters and enhancers, rather than through cellular 'TAR-like' motifs, to both activate and repress gene sets sharing common functional annotations. Despite the complexity of transcriptional regulatory mechanisms in the cell, Tat precisely controls RNA polymerase II recruitment and pause release to fine-tune the initiation and elongation steps in target genes. We propose that a virus with a limited coding capacity has optimized its genome by evolving a small but 'multitasking' protein to simultaneously control viral and cellular transcription.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.