ArticlePloS one2015
Investigation of Repeat Client Drop-Out and Re-Enrolment Cycles in Fourteen Methadone Maintenance Treatment Clinics in Guangdong, China.
Article in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evaluating comparative effect of non-pharmacological interventions adjunctive to opioid agonist therapy for opioid use disorder: A systematic review with network meta-analysis.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2026Pooled it
- Pooled it
- An intervention trial targeting methadone maintenance treatment providers to improve clients' treatment retention in China.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2019Trial
- Factors related to client satisfaction with methadone maintenance treatment in China.Journal of substance abuse treatment · 2017Trial
- Retention in opioid agonist treatment during pregnancy and variations according to treatment and maternal characteristics.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2026Article
- The difference in the effect of methadone and protracted abstinence on the coupling among key large-scale brain networks of individuals with heroin use disorder: A resting-state fMRI study.Psychological medicine · 2025Article
- Treatment non-adherence among methadone maintenance patients and associated factors: a multicenter, cross-sectional study in Vietnam.Harm reduction journal · 2024Article
- Risk factors for poor treatment outcomes among opioid-dependent clients taking methadone in Mombasa, Kenya.Advances in drug and alcohol research · 2024Article
- Opioid relapse and its predictors among methadone maintenance patients: a multicenter, cross-sectional study in Vietnam.Harm reduction journal · 2023Article
- Implementation opportunities for scaling up methadone maintenance treatment in Kyrgyzstan: Methadone dosage and retention on treatment over two years.Drug and alcohol dependence reports · 2022Article
- The risk assessment of relapse among newly enrolled participants in methadone maintenance treatment: A group-LASSO based Bayesian network study.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
- Observational
- The Association between Living Status Transitions, Behavior Changes and Family Relationship Improvement among Methadone Maintenance Treatment Participants in Guangdong, China.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2019Article
- The Decade-Long Chinese Methadone Maintenance Therapy Yields Large Population and Economic Benefits for Drug Users in Reducing Harm, HIV and HCV Disease Burden.Frontiers in public health · 2019Article
- Strategies to control HIV and HCV in methadone maintenance treatment in Guangdong Province, China: a system dynamic modeling study.Substance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy · 2018Article
- Variation Overtime among Patients of the Six Methadone Maintenance Treatment Clinics in Thai Nguyen from 2011 to 2015.BioMed research international · 2018Article
- Article
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Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveClient adherence is vital for effective methadone maintenance treatment (MMT). This study explores the pattern and associated factors of client adherence, drop-out and re-enrolment in the Chinese MMT programme over the period of 2006-2013.
methodsThis retrospective study was conducted in 14 MMT clinics in Guangdong Province, China. We employed Kaplan-Meier survival analysis to estimate the rates of drop-out and re-enrolment of MMT clients and multivariate Cox regression to identify associated factors.
resultsAmong 1,512 study participants, 79% have experienced 'drop-out' during the 7-year study period. However, 82% 'dropped-out' clients resumed treatment at a later time. Low education level (junior high or below versus otherwise, HR = 1.21, 1.05-1.40), low methadone dosage in the first treatment episode (<50 ml versus ≥50 ml, HR = 1.84, 1.64-2.06) and higher proportion of positive urine test (≥50% versus<50%, HR = 3.72, 3.30-4.20) during the first treatment episode were strong predictors of subsequent drop-outs of the participants. Among the 'dropped-out' clients, being female (HR = 1.40, 1.23-1.60), being married (HR = 1.19, 1.09-1.30), and having a higher proportion of positive urine tests in the first treatment episode (≥50% versus<50%, HR = 1.35, 1.20-1.51) had greater likelihood of subsequent re-enrolment in MMT. Clients receiving lower methadone dosage (first treatment episode <50 ml versus ≥50 ml, HR = 1.12, 1.03-1.23; the last intake before drop-out <50 ml versus ≥50 ml, HR = 1.16, 1.04-1.30) were also more likely to re-enrol.
conclusionPersistent cycling in-and-out of clients in MMT programmes is common. Insufficient dosage and higher proportion of positive urine samples in the first treatment episode are the key determinants for subsequent client drop-out and re-enrolment. Interventions should target clients in their early stage of treatment to improve retention in the long term.
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