Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26483628›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in neuroscience2015

Musical neurofeedback for treating depression in elderly people.

Rafael Ramirez, Manel Palencia-Lefler, Sergio Giraldo, Zacharias Vamvakousis

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in neuroscience, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
49citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

49 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  4. Pooled it
  5. Trial
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  8. [Research on auditory neurofeedback technology and its multi-disciplinary applications].Sheng wu yi xue gong cheng xue za zhi = Journal of biomedical engineering = Shengwu yixue gongchengxue zazhi · 2026
    Review
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Neurofeedback in Major Depression.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026
    Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Brian Intensify: An Adaptive Machine Learning Framework for Auditory EEG Stimulation and Cognitive Enhancement in FXS.2025 3rd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Blockchain, and Internet of Things (AIBThings) · 2025
    Article
  16. Article
  17. Electroencephalography as an objective method for assessing subjective emotions during the application of cream.Skin research and technology : official journal of International Society for Bioengineering and the Skin (ISBS) [and] International Society for Digital Imaging of Skin (ISDIS) [and] International Society for Skin Imaging (ISSI) · 2024
    Article
  18. Live music stimulates the affective brain and emotionally entrains listeners in real time.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024
    Article
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  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Rafael RamirezDepartment of Information and Communication Technologies, Universitat Pompeu Fabra Barcelona, Spain.
Manel Palencia-LeflerDepartment of Communication, Universitat Pompeu Fabra Barcelona, Spain.
Sergio GiraldoDepartment of Information and Communication Technologies, Universitat Pompeu Fabra Barcelona, Spain.
Zacharias VamvakousisDepartment of Information and Communication Technologies, Universitat Pompeu Fabra Barcelona, Spain.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

We introduce a new neurofeedback approach, which allows users to manipulate expressive parameters in music performances using their emotional state, and we present the results of a pilot clinical experiment applying the approach to alleviate depression in elderly people. Ten adults (9 female and 1 male, mean = 84, SD = 5.8) with normal hearing participated in the neurofeedback study consisting of 10 sessions (2 sessions per week) of 15 min each. EEG data was acquired using the Emotiv EPOC EEG device. In all sessions, subjects were asked to sit in a comfortable chair facing two loudspeakers, to close their eyes, and to avoid moving during the experiment. Participants listened to music pieces preselected according to their music preferences, and were encouraged to increase the loudness and tempo of the pieces, based on their arousal and valence levels. The neurofeedback system was tuned so that increased arousal, computed as beta to alpha activity ratio in the frontal cortex corresponded to increased loudness, and increased valence, computed as relative frontal alpha activity in the right lobe compared to the left lobe, corresponded to increased tempo. Pre and post evaluation of six participants was performed using the BDI depression test, showing an average improvement of 17.2% (1.3) in their BDI scores at the end of the study. In addition, an analysis of the collected EEG data of the participants showed a significant decrease of relative alpha activity in their left frontal lobe (p = 0.00008), which may be interpreted as an improvement of their depression condition.

Indexed as

depressionelderly patientselectroencephalographyemotionsexpressive performancemusicneurofeedback

Identifiers

PMID26483628
PMCPMC4591427

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.