ReviewParasites & vectors2015
The importance of multiparasitism: examining the consequences of co-infections for human and animal health.
Review in Parasites & vectors, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 100 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
100 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 195 citations in OpenAlex.
- Viral Co-Infection in Bats: A Systematic Review.Viruses · 2023Pooled it
- The extent, nature, and pathogenic consequences of helminth polyparasitism in humans: A meta-analysis.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2019Pooled it
- Declining body weight of moose calves related to parasite and disease burden.International journal for parasitology. Parasites and wildlife · 2026Article
- Epidemiology and risk factors of soil-transmitted nematode-schistosome co-occurrence: An analysis of the global burden of disease study.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Article
- Organisation of Wildlife Passive Disease Surveillance in Slovenia over 30 Years (1995-2025) and Insights into Certain Causes of Disease or Mortality.Veterinary sciences · 2026Article
- Review
- Single and Co-Infections by Tick-Borne Pathogens in Synanthropic European Hedgehogs (Veterinary sciences · 2026Article
- A novel and efficient method for producing high-purity single protoplast-derived isolates ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Polyparasitism and Anaemia Among Women of Reproductive Age in Kilifi County-Kenya.Journal of tropical medicine · 2026Article
- Bat things come in threes: within-host dynamics of herpesvirus triple infection in bats.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- High-Throughput Sequencing-Based Assessment of Intestinal Parasitic Infections in Economically and Medicinally Valuable Captive Tokay Gecko (Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- The discovery ofParasitology · 2025Article
- Interactions between zoonotic pathogens and infectious disease spread: Why understanding mechanisms and modelling matters more than ever.Biosafety and health · 2025Review
- Transcriptomic Analysis of the Rainbow Trout Response to Single and Co-Infections withInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Helminth/Protozoan Coinfections in Chronic Fascioliasis Cases in Human Hyperendemic Areas: High Risk of Multiparasitism Linked to Transmission Aspects and Immunological, Environmental and Social Factors.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2025Article
- Multiparasitism in Spain in a Korean Visiting Friends and Relatives: Case Report and Review of Imported Cases ofClinical case reports · 2025Article
- Constructing the first comorbidity networks in companion dogs in the Dog Aging Project.PLoS computational biology · 2025Article
- Constructing the first comorbidity networks in companion dogs in the Dog Aging Project.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Assessing soil-transmitted helminths and Schistosoma mansoni infections using parasitological indicators after seven years of preventive chemotherapy among school-age children in Mizan-Aman town.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Article
- Co-Infections with Orthomarburgviruses, Paramyxoviruses, and Orthonairoviruses in Egyptian Rousette Bats, Uganda and Sierra Leone.Emerging infectious diseases · 2025Article
40 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Most parasites co-occur with other parasites, although the importance of such multiparasitism has only recently been recognised. Co-infections may result when hosts are independently infected by different parasites at the same time or when interactions among parasite species facilitate co-occurrence. Such interactions can have important repercussions on human or animal health because they can alter host susceptibility, infection duration, transmission risks, and clinical symptoms. These interactions may be synergistic or antagonistic and thus produce diverse effects in infected humans and animals. Interactions among parasites strongly influence parasite dynamics and therefore play a major role in structuring parasite populations (both within and among hosts) as well as host populations. However, several methodological challenges remain when it comes to detecting parasite interactions. The goal of this review is to summarise current knowledge on the causes and consequences of multiparasitism and to discuss the different methods and tools that researchers have developed to study the factors that lead to multiparasitism. It also identifies new research directions to pursue.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.