ReviewNeuropsychology review2016
A Comparison of Structural Brain Imaging Findings in Autism Spectrum Disorder and Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.
Review in Neuropsychology review, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
47 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 104 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic Review: Overlap Between Eating, Autism Spectrum, and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2019Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of transcranial direct current stimulation for children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of psychiatry & neuroscience : JPNPooled it
- Actionable and incidental neuroradiological findings in twins with neurodevelopmental disorders.Scientific reports · 2020Trial
- Transdiagnostic monoamine-based subtyping for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder via unsupervised machine learning.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2026Article
- Autism spectrum disorder detection using diffusion tensor imaging and machine learning.PLOS digital health · 2025Article
- Understanding heterogeneity in psychiatric disorders: A method for identifying subtypes and parsing comorbidity.Psychiatry and clinical neurosciences · 2025Article
- Current Status and Future Directions in the Development of Digital Therapeutic Interventions for Neurodevelopmental Disorders.Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · 2025Review
- Where do neurodevelopmental conditions fit in transdiagnostic psychiatric frameworks? Incorporating a new neurodevelopmental spectrum.World psychiatry : official journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA) · 2024Article
- Early diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder using structural connectivity biomarker.Psychoradiology · 2024Article
- Towards system redesign: An exploratory analysis of neurodivergent traits in a childhood population referred for autism assessment.PloS one · 2024Article
- Brain-charting autism and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder reveals distinct and overlapping neurobiology.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2023Article
- The neuroanatomical substrates of autism and ADHD and their link to putative genomic underpinnings.Molecular autism · 2023Article
- EEG Correlates of Cognitive Functions in a Child with ASD and White Matter Signal Abnormalities: A Case Report with Two-and-a-Half-Year Follow-Up.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging of white matter microstructure in sensory processing dysfunction with versus without comorbid ADHD.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Article
- Do Children with Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder Present with Different Spatio-Temporal Gait Parameters? An Evaluation of the Relationship Between Gait and Gross Motor Skills.Alpha psychiatry · 2023Article
- Deficits in attention, motor control and perception childhood to age 30 years: prospective case-control study of outcome predictors.BMJ open · 2022Article
- Transdiagnostic symptom subtypes across autism spectrum disorders and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: validated by measures of neurocognition and structural connectivity.BMC psychiatry · 2022Article
- Impact of brain overgrowth on sensorial learning processing during the first year of life.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2022Article
- Affective Empathy, Theory of Mind and Social Functioning in Patients With Focal Epilepsy.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
- Consortium neuroscience of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder: The ENIGMA adventure.Human brain mapping · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
ASD and ADHD are regarded as distinct disorders in the current DSM-5. However, recent research and the RDoC initiative are recognizing considerable overlap in the clinical presentation of ASD, ADHD, and other neurodevelopmental disorders. In spite of numerous neuroimaging findings in ASD and ADHD, the extent to which either of the above views are supported remains equivocal. Here we compare structural MRI and DTI literature in ASD and ADHD. Our main findings reveal both distinct and shared neural features. Distinct expressions were in total brain volume (ASD: increased volume, ADHD: decreased volume), amygdala (ASD: overgrowth, ADHD: normal), and internal capsule (ASD: unclear, ADHD: reduced FA in DTI). Considerable overlap was noted in the corpus callosum and cerebellum (lower volume in structural MRI and decreased FA in DTI), and superior longitudinal fasciculus (reduced FA in DTI). In addition, we identify brain regions which have not been studied in depth and require more research. We discuss relationships between brain features and symptomatology. We conclude by addressing limitations of current neuroimaging research and offer approaches that account for clinical heterogeneity to better distinguish brain-behavior relationships.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.