ArticleDrug and alcohol dependence2015
Genetic and environmental contributions to initiation of cigarette smoking in young African-American and European-American women.
Article in Drug and alcohol dependence, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cigarette smoking behaviors and the importance of ethnicity and genetic ancestry.Translational psychiatry · 2021Article
- Saliva DNA Methylation Detects Nascent Smoking in Adolescents.Journal of child and adolescent psychopharmacology · 2019Article
- A Twin Study of Cigarette and Snus Initiation and Quantity of Use in Norwegian Adult Twins.Twin research and human genetics : the official journal of the International Society for Twin Studies · 2019Article
- Genetic variation in the exome: Associations with alcohol and tobacco co-use.Psychology of addictive behaviors : journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors · 2017Article
- Racial differences in heritability of cigarette smoking in adolescents and young adults.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2016Article
- The genetic relationship between cannabis and tobacco cigarette use in European- and African-American female twins and siblings.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundDistinctions in the relative contributions of genetic and environmental factors to initiation of cigarette smoking may explain, in part, the differences between African Americans and European Americans in the prevalence of smoking. The current investigation is the first to compare heritable and environmental influences on smoking initiation between African-American and European-American women.
methodsData were drawn from Missouri Adolescent Female Twin Study participants and female Missouri Family Study participants (n=4498; 21% African-American, the remainder European-American). Mean ages at first and last assessments were 17.0 (SD=3.5) and 24.0 (SD=3.2), respectively. Twin-sibling modeling was conducted to estimate the proportion of variance in smoking initiation (i.e., ever trying a cigarette) attributable to additive genetic, shared environmental, special twin environmental, and unique environmental factors.
resultsAdditive genetic influences accounted for approximately half of the variance in smoking initiation in both African-American and European-American women. In the African-American subsample, the remaining variance was attributable primarily to unique environmental factors (46%; 95% CI: 28-71%). In the European-American subsample, only 12% (95% CI: 8-16%) of the variance was attributable to unique environmental factors, with the remainder accounted for by shared environmental (13%; 95% CI: 0-41%) and special twin environmental (24%; 95% CI: 0-52%) factors.
conclusionsThe estimated heritability of smoking initiation is substantial and nearly identical for African-American and European-American women, but the type of environmental factors that contribute to risk differ by race/ethnicity. Whereas the primary environmental influences on European-American women's smoking initiation are at the family level, those that impact African-American women's smoking initiation are primarily individual-specific.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.