ReviewOpen forum infectious diseases2015
Designing and Interpreting Limiting Dilution Assays: General Principles and Applications to the Latent Reservoir for Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1.
Review in Open forum infectious diseases, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04938518 (Investigation of the Impact of Inducible, Replication-competent Latent HIV-1 as an Impediment to HIV/AIDS Cure in the Context of Sustained Viral Suppression), which is not on this map. Cited by 105 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Investigation of the Impact of Inducible, Replication-competent Latent HIV-1 as an Impediment to HIV/AIDS Cure in the Context of Sustained Viral Suppression
Who cites it
105 citing papers in PubMed, 129 citations in OpenAlex.
- Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation with post-transplant cyclophosphamide for patients with HIV and haematological malignancies: a feasibility study.The lancet. HIV · 2020Trial
- Population Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Disulfiram on Inducing Latent HIV-1 Transcription in a Phase IIb Trial.Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · 2019Trial
- Relationship between latent and rebound viruses in a clinical trial of anti-HIV-1 antibody 3BNC117.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2018Trial
- Peripheral T Follicular Helper Cells Are the Major HIV Reservoir within Central Memory CD4 T Cells in Peripheral Blood from Chronically HIV-Infected Individuals on Combination Antiretroviral Therapy.Journal of virology · 2015Trial
- Article
- Q4ddPCR: a flexible, 4-target assay for high-resolution HIV reservoir profiling.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Article
- Factors associated with resistance of HIV-1 reservoir viruses to neutralization by autologous IgG antibodies.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2025Article
- Medications for opioid use disorder shape immune responses during chronic HIV infection.Cell reports. Medicine · 2025Article
- HIV-1 diversity in viral reservoirs obtained from circulating T-cell subsets during early ART and beyond.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- Specific quantification of inducible HIV-1 reservoir by RT-LAMP.Communications medicine · 2024Article
- CD8+ cells and small viral reservoirs facilitate post-ART control of SIV replication in M3+ Mauritian cynomolgus macaques initiated on ART two weeks post-infection.PLoS pathogens · 2023Article
- The latent reservoir of inducible, infectious HIV-1 does not decrease despite decades of antiretroviral therapy.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2023Article
- Application of ultrasensitive digital ELISA for p24 enables improved evaluation of HIV-1 reservoir diversity and growth kinetics in viral outgrowth assays.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Revealing viral and cellular dynamics of HIV-1 at the single-cell level during early treatment periods.Cell reports methods · 2023Article
- Monocyte-derived macrophages contain persistent latent HIV reservoirs.Nature microbiology · 2023Article
- Chemical inhibition of DPP9 sensitizes the CARD8 inflammasome in HIV-1-infected cells.Nature chemical biology · 2023Article
- CD8+ cells and small viral reservoirs facilitate post-ART control of SIV in Mauritian cynomolgus macaques.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- Phenotypic characterization of single CD4+ T cells harboring genetically intact and inducible HIV genomes.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Blockade of TGF-β signaling reactivates HIV-1/SIV reservoirs and immune responses in vivo.JCI insight · 2022Article
45 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Limiting dilution assays are widely used in infectious disease research. These assays are crucial for current human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 cure research in particular. In this study, we offer new tools to help investigators design and analyze dilution assays based on their specific research needs. Limiting dilution assays are commonly used to measure the extent of infection, and in the context of HIV they represent an essential tool for studying latency and potential curative strategies. Yet standard assay designs may not discern whether an intervention reduces an already miniscule latent infection. This review addresses challenges arising in this setting and in the general use of dilution assays. We illustrate the major statistical method for estimating frequency of infectious units from assay results, and we offer an online tool for computing this estimate. We recommend a procedure for customizing assay design to achieve desired sensitivity and precision goals, subject to experimental constraints. We consider experiments in which no viral outgrowth is observed and explain how using alternatives to viral outgrowth may make measurement of HIV latency more efficient. Finally, we discuss how biological complications, such as probabilistic growth of small infections, alter interpretations of experimental results.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.