ArticlePublic health action2014
Documentation and treatment outcomes of smear-negative and extra-pulmonary tuberculosis in Ethiopia.
Article in Public health action, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Drug Resistance in Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis in Korea, 2010-2019: A Comparison With Pulmonary Tuberculosis.Journal of Korean medical science · 2026Article
- Care-seeking pathways and diagnostic delays in extrapulmonary TB patients.Public health action · 2023Article
- Comparing the Treatment Outcomes of Tuberculosis Patients in a Private Clinic with a Governmental Health Center in Jimma City, Ethiopia: Retrospective Study.Infection and drug resistance · 2022Article
- Sex differences and HIV status of tuberculosis in adults at a rural hospital in southern Ethiopia: an 18-year retrospective cross-sectional study.African health sciences · 2020Article
- Treatment outcomes of extrapulmonary tuberculosis in Bahawalpur, Pakistan; a record review.Journal of pharmaceutical policy and practice · 2020Article
- Tuberculosis-Related Hospitalizations in a Low-Incidence Country: A Retrospective Analysis in Two Italian Infectious Diseases Wards.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2019Article
- Article
- Article
- The Ethiopian initiative to build sustainable capacity for operational research: overview and lessons learned.Public health action · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSmear-negative and extra-pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) comprise two thirds of TB cases reported in Ethiopia. Neither treatment outcomes nor underlying associated factors are routinely reported for these cases.
objectiveTo assess treatment outcomes and associated risk factors of smear-negative and extra-pulmonary TB in comparison with smear-positive cases.
designRecord review of all TB cases registered in 14 randomly selected public and private health facilities in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, over a 1-year period.
resultsPercentages of smear-negative and extra-pulmonary TB were independent of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) status, and were not evenly distributed among health facilities. Extra-pulmonary TB was overrepresented in the private sector, and smear-negative TB was more frequent in health clinics than in hospitals. Outcomes reported by clinics were more favourable than those of the hospitals; no differences were observed when comparing public and private health facilities. Only 54% of the TB registers were complete; missing information correlated with unfavourable outcomes. Younger age, but not sex or HIV status, was associated with favourable outcomes.
conclusionThe uneven distribution of smear-negative and extra-pulmonary TB among different health facilities requires further study and may provide important insight into diagnosis and care of these patients. Incomplete TB register information may be an underappreciated factor contributing to unfavourable outcomes.
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