ArticleTumour biology : the journal of the International Society for Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine2016
P50-associated COX-2 extragenic RNA (PACER) overexpression promotes proliferation and metastasis of osteosarcoma cells by activating COX-2 gene.
Article in Tumour biology : the journal of the International Society for Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 52 citations in OpenAlex.
- The lncRNA PACER Regulates Lung Adenocarcinoma Phenotypes via COX-2 Signaling and RNA Structural Dynamics.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Roles of lncRNAs in NF-κB-Mediated Macrophage Inflammation and Their Implications in the Pathogenesis of Human Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- LncRNAs as potential prognosis/diagnosis markers and factors driving drug resistance of osteosarcoma, a review.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Review
- The OSR9 Regimen: A New Augmentation Strategy for Osteosarcoma Treatment Using Nine Older Drugs from General Medicine to Inhibit Growth Drive.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Long intergenic non-coding RNA DIO3OS promotes osteosarcoma metastasis via activation of the TGF-β signaling pathway: a potential diagnostic and immunotherapeutic target for osteosarcoma.Cancer cell international · 2023Article
- Differential Expression of Non-Coding RNAs in Stem Cell Development and Therapeutics of Bone Disorders.Cells · 2023Review
- Long non-coding RNAs involved in different steps of cancer metastasis.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2022Review
- LncRNA-PACERR induces pro-tumour macrophages via interacting with miR-671-3p and m6A-reader IGF2BP2 in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2022Article
- PACER lncRNA regulates COX-2 expression in lung cancer cells.Oncotarget · 2022Article
- lncRNA-PACER upregulatesGastroenterology report · 2021Article
- Long non-coding RNAs and nuclear factor-κB crosstalk in cancer and other human diseases.Biochimica et biophysica acta. Reviews on cancer · 2020Review
- Non-Coding RNAs in Pediatric Solid Tumors.Frontiers in genetics · 2019Review
- Emerging roles of non-coding RNAs in the pathogenesis, diagnosis and prognosis of osteosarcoma.Investigational new drugs · 2018Review
- Logistic regression analysis for the identification of the metastasis-associated signaling pathways of osteosarcoma.International journal of molecular medicine · 2018Article
- Mining the Stiffness-Sensitive Transcriptome in Human Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Identifies Long Noncoding RNA Stiffness Regulators.Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology · 2018Article
- Protein sequestration as a normal function of long noncoding RNAs and a pathogenic mechanism of RNAs containing nucleotide repeat expansions.Human genetics · 2017Review
- Potentials of Long Noncoding RNAs (LncRNAs) in Sarcoma: From Biomarkers to Therapeutic Targets.International journal of molecular sciences · 2017Review
- Long non-coding RNAs in osteosarcoma.Oncotarget · 2017Review
- Emerging roles for long noncoding RNAs in skeletal biology and disease.Connective tissue research · 2017Review
- Long non-coding RNA SeT and miR-155 regulate the Tnfα gene allelic expression profile.PloS one · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
P50-associated cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) extragenic RNA (PACER) is a novel long noncoding RNA that has been found to activate the COX-2 gene, which may function as an oncogene in osteosarcoma. However, the role of PACER and the relationship between PACER and COX-2 in osteosarcoma progression have been unknown until now. Here, we examined the expression levels of PACER in clinical tumor samples and human osteosarcoma cell lines, assessed the functions of PACER in osteosarcoma cell proliferation and invasion, and then explored the mechanism of PACER dysregulation in osteosarcoma. The results showed that PACER was overexpressed in osteosarcoma tissues and cell lines compared with normal tissues and osteoblasts, respectively. PACER knockdown inhibited the proliferation and invasion of human osteosarcoma cells. Downregulation of PACER significantly suppressed the expression of COX-2, and the effects of PACER on cell proliferation and invasion were rescued by COX-2 overexpression. Furthermore, COX-2 activation by PACER was NF-κB-dependent. The regulation of PACER by CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF) was associated with DNA methylation status. Taken together, these findings suggest that PACER promotes proliferation and metastasis of osteosarcoma cells by activating the COX-2 gene and its own expression was influenced by DNA methylation.
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