Trial reportBMC complementary and alternative medicine2015
The association between objective tongue color and endoscopic findings: results from the Kyushu and Okinawa population study (KOPS).
Trial report in BMC complementary and alternative medicine, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Risk factors and 26-years worldwide prevalence of endoscopic erosive esophagitis from 1997 to 2022: a meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2023Pooled it
- Clinical usefulness of objective tongue image devices monitoring in temporal tongue color: a demonstration of successively treated cases with traditional medicines.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Computerized tongue image analysis for non-invasive disease screening: a review.Chinese medicine · 2025Review
- Cross-population tongue image features and tongue coating microbiome changes in the evolution of colorectal cancer.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- Development of an artificial intelligent model for pre-endoscopic screening of precancerous lesions in gastric cancer.Chinese medicine · 2024Article
- Efficient-gastro: optimized EfficientNet model for the detection of gastrointestinal disorders using transfer learning and wireless capsule endoscopy images.PeerJ. Computer science · 2024Article
- Effects of Sitting and Supine Positions on Tongue Color as Measured by Tongue Image Analyzing System and Its Relation to Biometric Information.Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2024Article
- Correlation between helicobacter pylori infection and manifestation of tongue.Journal of traditional Chinese medicine = Chung i tsa chih ying wen pan · 2023Article
- Construction of Tongue Image-Based Machine Learning Model for Screening Patients with Gastric Precancerous Lesions.Journal of personalized medicine · 2023Article
- Reliability of non-contact tongue diagnosis for Sjögren's syndrome using machine learning method.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Assessment of the Possible Correlation between the Presence of Helicobacter Pylori Infection and Hairy Tongue Lesion in a Group of Patients in Syria: A Cross-Sectional and Pilot Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- A Framework to Predict Gastric Cancer Based on Tongue Features and Deep Learning.Micromachines · 2022Article
- Oral-Gut Microbiome Analysis in Patients With Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease Having Different Tongue Image Feature.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Article
- GASTRO-CADx: a three stages framework for diagnosing gastrointestinal diseases.PeerJ. Computer science · 2021Article
- Combination Image Analysis of Tongue Color and Sublingual Vein Improves the Diagnostic Accuracy of Oketsu (Blood Stasis) in Kampo Medicine.Frontiers in medicine · 2021Article
- Tongue diagnosis indices for gastroesophageal reflux disease: A cross-sectional, case-controlled observational study.Medicine · 2020Observational
- Tongue color clustering and visual application based on 2D information.International journal of computer assisted radiology and surgery · 2020Article
- Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) of the association of the Japanese Kampo concept "Suidoku" (fluid disturbance) and the body composition of women.BMC complementary and alternative medicine · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe relation between tongue color and gastroesophageal disease is unclear. This study was done to investigate the associations between tongue color (TC), endoscopic findings, Helicobacter.pylori infection status, and serological atrophic gastritis (SAG).
methodsThe participants were 896 residents of Ishigaki Island, Okinawa, aged 28-86 years. The tongue was photographed, esophagogastroduodenoscopy was done, and serum antibody to H.pylori was measured. SAG was defined as a serum Pepsinogen (PG)Ilevel ≤70 ng/ml and a PGI/IIratio ≤3.0. TC was measured by the device-independent international commission on Illumination 1976 L*a*b* color space standards at four points: (1) edge, (2) posterior, (3) middle, and (4) apex. We also calculated the ratio of the tongue edge to the three other measured points to examine the association between the coating of the tongue and the endoscopic and laboratory findings.
resultsParticipants were excluded who had two or more endoscopic findings (n = 315) or who had SAG without seropositivity to H.pylori (n = 33). The remaining 548 participants were divided into three groups: SAG and seropositive to H.pylori (n = 67), seropositive to H.pylori alone (n = 56), and without SAG and seronegative for H.pylori (n = 425). We divided 425 residents into a single endoscopic finding positive group (n = 207) and a negative group, which served as a control (n = 218). The most frequent single endoscopic finding was esophageal hernia (n = 110), followed by erosive esophagitis (n = 35) and erosive gastritis (EG) (n = 45). EH was significantly associated with TC (2b*/1b*) (P < 0.05). EG was significantly associated with TC (3a*, 3b*) (P < 0.05). Seropositivity to H.pylori was significantly associated with TC (3 L*, 3 L*/1 L*) (P < 0.05, <0.01), and seropositivity to both H.pylori and SAG was significantly associated with TC (3 L*/1 L*) (P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis extracted TC (3a*, 3b*) as an independent factor associated with a differential diagnosis of EG (Odds ratio (OR) 2.66 P = 0.008, OR 2.17 P = 0.045).
conclusionsThe tongue body color of the middle area reflects acute change of gastric mucosa, such as erosive gastritis. Tongue diagnosis would be a useful, non-invasive screening tool for EG.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.