ArticleArthritis care & research2016
Rheumatoid Arthritis and Mortality Among Women During 36 Years of Prospective Follow-Up: Results From the Nurses' Health Study.
Article in Arthritis care & research, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 97 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
97 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 174 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- 2023 American College of Rheumatology (ACR)/American College of Chest Physicians (CHEST) Guideline for the Screening and Monitoring of Interstitial Lung Disease in People with Systemic Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases.Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2024Guideline
- 2023 American College of Rheumatology (ACR)/American College of Chest Physicians (CHEST) Guideline for the Screening and Monitoring of Interstitial Lung Disease in People with Systemic Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases.Arthritis care & research · 2024Guideline
- Safety of baricitinib for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis over a median of 4.6 and up to 9.3 years of treatment: final results from long-term extension study and integrated database.Annals of the rheumatic diseases · 2022Pooled it
- Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Respiratory research · 2019Pooled it
- Rheumatoid arthritis T cell and muscle oxidative metabolism associate with exercise-induced changes in cardiorespiratory fitness.Scientific reports · 2022Trial
- Effect of communicating personalized rheumatoid arthritis risk on concern for developing RA: A randomized controlled trial.Patient education and counseling · 2019Trial
- Extra-articular rheumatoid arthritis: example of RA-associated interstitial lung disease.EULAR rheumatology open · 2026Review
- Impact of Dual Rheumatoid Factor and Anticitrullinated Protein Antibody Seropositive, Single Seropositive, and Seronegative Rheumatoid Arthritis on Outcomes.Arthritis care & research · 2026Article
- Clonal haematopoiesis and risk of incident rheumatoid arthritis: results from the UK Biobank.Clinical and experimental rheumatology · 2026Article
- Performance of the Predicting Risk of Cardiovascular Disease Events Calculator in Rheumatoid Arthritis.Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2026Article
- Feasibility of 3D photoacoustic tomography for the assessment of rheumatoid arthritis.The British journal of radiology · 2026Article
- Differences in Cause-Specific Mortality in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis by Sex and Seropositivity.The Journal of rheumatology · 2025Article
- Risk factors of incident lung diseases and the impact of DMARDs in rheumatoid arthritis patients: a longitudinal study.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2025Article
- Fabry disease in females: organ involvement and clinical outcomes compared with the general population (103/150 characters).Orphanet journal of rare diseases · 2025Review
- Incidence, prevalence and mortality of rheumatoid arthritis in Canterbury, Aotearoa New Zealand.Internal medicine journal · 2025Article
- Mortality and Predictive Factors for Death Following the Diagnosis of Interstitial Lung Disease in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Retrospective, Long-Term Follow-Up Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Defining cause of death in a contemporary cohort with ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV): A comparison of electronic health record and death certificate data.Seminars in arthritis and rheumatism · 2025Article
- Expression profiles of miR-101-3p and miR-431-5p as potential diagnostic biomarkers for rheumatoid arthritis.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Geographic Socioeconomic Influences on Disease Activity in Rheumatoid Arthritis in an Academic and Safety Net Hospital System.ACR open rheumatology · 2025Article
37 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on byReply.2016
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo evaluate rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and mortality risk among women followed prospectively in the Nurses' Health Study (NHS).
methodsWe analyzed 119,209 women in the NHS who reported no connective tissue disease at enrollment in 1976. Comorbidity and lifestyle data were collected through biennial questionnaires. Incident RA cases were validated by medical records review. Cause of death was determined by death certificate and medical records review. Cox regression models estimated hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for all-cause, cardiovascular disease (CVD), cancer, and respiratory disease mortality for women with RA compared to those without RA.
resultsWe validated 964 incident RA cases and identified 28,808 deaths during 36 years of prospective follow-up. Of 307 deaths among women with RA, 80 (26%) were from cancer, 70 (23%) were from CVD, and 44 (14%) were from respiratory causes. Women with RA had increased total mortality (HR 1.40, 95% CI 1.25-1.57) compared to those without RA, independent of mortality risk factors, including smoking. RA was associated with significantly increased respiratory disease mortality (HR 2.06, 95% CI 1.51-2.80) and cardiovascular disease mortality (HR 1.45, 95% CI 1.14-1.83), but not cancer mortality (HR 0.93, 95% CI 0.74-1.15). For women with seropositive RA, respiratory disease mortality was nearly 3-fold higher than among non-RA women (HR 2.67, 95% CI 1.89-3.77).
conclusionWomen with RA had significantly increased mortality compared to those without RA. Respiratory disease and cardiovascular disease mortality were both significantly elevated for women with RA. The nearly 3-fold increased relative risk of respiratory disease mortality was observed only for those with seropositive RA.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.