ArticleClinical and experimental immunology2016
Prediction of disease severity in neuromyelitis optica by the levels of interleukin (IL)-6 produced during remission phase.
Article in Clinical and experimental immunology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 83 citations in OpenAlex.
- Safety and efficacy of interleukin-6-receptor inhibitors in the treatment of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders: a meta-analysis.BMC neurology · 2021Pooled it
- Real-World Investigation of Satralizumab in Patients With Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disease.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2026Article
- Association of cytokine levels with treatment duration and patient family history in Egyptian multiple sclerosis patients.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Intrathecal interleukin-6 levels are associated with progressive disease and clinical severity in multiple sclerosis.BMC neurology · 2025Article
- Interleukin-6 Immunology in Macrophage Activation Syndrome Related to Neuroimmunological Diseases.Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) · 2025Article
- Peripheral blood immune inflammatory markers in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Review
- Induction of immune tolerance in NMOSD and MOGAD.Therapeutic advances in neurological disorders · 2025Review
- NMOSD and MOGAD: an evolving disease spectrum.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2024Review
- GV-971 attenuates the progression of neuromyelitis optica in murine models and reverses alterations in gut microbiota and associated peripheral abnormalities.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2024Article
- The Role of Gut Microbiota in Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Soluble biomarkers for Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders: a mini review.Frontiers in neurology · 2024Review
- Prediction of pulmonary infection in patients with severe myelitis by NPAR combined with spinal cord lesion segments.Frontiers in neurology · 2024Article
- A Clinical Approach to Existing and Emerging Therapeutics in Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder.Current neurology and neuroscience reports · 2023Review
- Intruders or protectors - the multifaceted role of B cells in CNS disorders.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2023Review
- Satralizumab as an add-on treatment in refractory pediatric AQP4-antibody-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: a case report.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Interleukin-31 and soluble CD40L: new candidate serum biomarkers that predict therapeutic response in multiple sclerosis.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2022Review
- Immuno-pathogenesis of neuromyelitis optica and emerging therapies.Seminars in immunopathology · 2022Review
- Progress in treatment of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD): Novel insights into therapeutic possibilities in NMOSD.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2022Review
- SARS-CoV-2 and Multiple Sclerosis: Potential for Disease Exacerbation.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Serum levels of interleukin-6 and Vitamin D at the onset of multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica: A pilot study.Journal of research in medical sciences : the official journal of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
T helper type 17 (Th17) cytokines have been implicated in the pathogenesis of neuromyelitis optica (NMO). As humanized anti-interleukin (IL)-6R (tocilizumab) immunoglobulin (Ig)G has been used as disease-modifying therapy for NMO, the objective of our study was to investigate the role of endogenous IL-6 on NMO-derived CD4(+) T cell behaviour. High production of IL-6, IL-17 and IL-21 by CD4(+) T-cells was detected in NMO patients. Further, IL-21 and IL-6 levels were related directly to the level of neurological disabilities. The addition of anti-IL-6R IgG not only reduced directly the production of these cytokines, but also almost abolished the ability of activated autologous monocytes in enhancing IL-6, IL-17 and IL-21 release by CD4(+) T cells. In contrast, the production of IL-10 was amplified in those cell cultures. Further, anti-IL-6R monoclonal antibodies (mAb) also potentiated the ability of glucocorticoid in reducing Th17 cytokines. Finally, the in-vivo and in-vitro IL-6 levels were significantly higher among those patients who experienced clinical relapse during 2-year follow-up. In summary, our results suggest a deleterious role of IL-6 in NMO by favouring, at least in part, the expansion of corticoid-resistant Th17 cells.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.