Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26471722›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of geriatric psychiatry2016

The role of cognitive reserve on terminal decline: a cross-cohort analysis from two European studies: OCTO-Twin, Sweden, and Newcastle 85+, UK.

Dorina Cadar, Blossom C M Stephan, Carol Jagger, Boo Johansson, Scott M Hofer, Andrea M Piccinin, Graciela Muniz-Terrera

Open access · hybridAbstract readTwin Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of geriatric psychiatry, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.9field-weighted citation impact, top 15% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 24 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  8. Age-Related Change in Mobility: Perspectives From Life Course Epidemiology and Geroscience.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2016
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.

Dorina CadarMRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at University College London, London, UK.
Blossom C M StephanInstitute of Health and Society, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK.
Carol JaggerInstitute of Health and Society, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK.
Boo JohanssonDepartment of Psychology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Scott M HoferDepartment of Psychology, University of Victoria, Victoria, Canada.
Andrea M PiccininDepartment of Psychology, University of Victoria, Victoria, Canada.
Graciela Muniz-TerreraMRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at University College London, London, UK.
Newcastle University · GBUniversity of Victoria · CAMRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing · GBUniversity College London · GBUniversity of Gothenburg · SE

Funding

Study Coordination and Measurement CoreP01AG043362 · NIA · OREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY · PI HOFER, SCOTT M. · 2013 to 2017
$7.8M
Alzheimer's Society 144Medical Research Council G0500997Medical Research Council MC_UU_12019/1Medical Research Council MR/J50001X/1NIA NIH HHS P01 AG043362NIA NIH HHS P01AG043362
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveCognitive performance shows a marked deterioration in close proximity to death, as postulated by the terminal decline hypothesis. The effect of education on the rate of terminal decline in the oldest people (i.e. persons 85+ years) has been controversial and not entirely understood. In the current study, we investigated the rate of decline prior to death with a special focus on the role of education and socioeconomic position, in two European longitudinal studies of ageing: the Origins of Variance in the Old-Old: Octogenarian Twins (OCTO-Twin) and the Newcastle 85+ study.

methodsA process-based approach was used in which individuals' cognitive scores were aligned according to distance to death. In a coordinated analysis, multilevel models were employed to examine associations between different markers of cognitive reserve (education and socioeconomic position) and terminal decline using the mini-mental state examination (MMSE), controlling for age at baseline, sex, dementia incidence and time to death from the study entry to the time of death within each cohort.

resultsThe current findings suggest that education was positively associated with higher MMSE scores prior to death in the OCTO-Twin, but not in the Newcastle 85+ study, independent of socioeconomic position and other factors such as baseline age, sex and time to death from the study entry. However, education was not associated with the rate of terminal decline in both of these studies.

conclusionsOur results offer only partial support to the cognitive reserve hypothesis and cognitive performance prior to death.

Indexed as

TwinsAged, 80 and overAgingAnalysis of VarianceCognition DisordersCognitive ReserveDementiaEducational StatusEnglandFemaleHumansIncidenceLongitudinal StudiesMaleNeuropsychological TestsRisk Factorscognitioncognitive reservedeathdementiaeducationlongitudinal studymixed multilevelMMSEterminal decline

Identifiers

PMID26471722
PMCPMC4833688
OpenAlexW2166346004

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.