ArticlePloS one2015
Severity of Depression, Anxious Distress and the Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in a Swedish Population-Based Cohort.
Article in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 50 citations in OpenAlex.
- Psychosocial stress and risk of first-ever stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC neurology · 2026Pooled it
- Effect of Metabolic Syndrome on Late-Life Depression: Associations with Disease Severity and Treatment Resistance.Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 2017Trial
- Association between depressive symptoms and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: a Swedish population-based cohort study.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2026Article
- Efficacy and Clinical Relevance of Adjunctive Cariprazine Treatment in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder: Post Hoc Analyses from a Phase III Study.Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment · 2026Article
- A Potential Role for MAGI-1 in the Bi-Directional Relationship Between Major Depressive Disorder and Cardiovascular Disease.Current atherosclerosis reports · 2024Review
- Cardiovascular Outcome in Patients with Major Depression: Role of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome, Insomnia Disorder, and COMISA.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Trauma, psychological distress and markers of systemic inflammation among US women: A longitudinal study.Psychoneuroendocrinology · 2022Article
- Review
- Spirituality as a protective factor for chronic and acute anxiety in Brazilian healthcare workers during the COVID-19 outbreak.PloS one · 2022Article
- Neurovascular Dysfunction in Diverse Communities With Health Disparities-Contributions to Dementia and Alzheimer's Disease.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2022Review
- Article
- Informal care and the impact on depression and anxiety among Swedish adults: a population-based cohort study.BMC public health · 2021Article
- Sex differences in the relationship between depression and cardiovascular disease risk: a nationwide study in Korea.Osong public health and research perspectives · 2021Article
- Screening of Depressive Symptoms in a Russian General Population Sample: A Web-based Cross-sectional Study.Clinical practice and epidemiology in mental health : CP & EMH · 2021Article
- Changes in views on aging in later adulthood: the role of cardiovascular events.European journal of ageing · 2020Article
- The Impact of Psychological Functioning on Cardiovascular Disease.Current atherosclerosis reports · 2020Review
- The prevalence of depression among patients with tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Annals of general psychiatry · 2020Review
- Does depressed persons with non-cardiovascular morbidity have a higher risk of CVD? A population-based cohort study in Sweden.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2019Article
- Severity of depression, anxious distress and the risk of type 2 diabetes - a population-based cohort study in Sweden.BMC public health · 2019Article
- Association of Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT ValBMC medical genetics · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundDepression is known to be associated with cardiovascular diseases (CVD). This population-based cohort study aimed to determine the association between depression of varying severity and risk for CVD and to study the effect of concomitant anxious distress on this association.
methodsWe utilized data from a longitudinal cohort study of mental health, work and relations among adults (20-64 years), with a total of 10,443 individuals. Depression and anxious distress were assessed using psychiatric rating scales and defined according to DSM-5. Outcomes were register-based and self-reported cardiovascular diseases.
findingsOverall increased odds ratios of 1.5 to 2.6 were seen for the different severity levels of depression, with the highest adjusted OR for moderate depression (OR 2.1 (95% CI 1.3, 3.5). Similar odds ratios were seen for sub-groups of CVD: ischemic/hypertensive heart disease and stroke, 2.4 (95% CI 1.4, 3.9) and OR 2.1 (95%CI 1.2, 3.8) respectively. Depression with anxious distress as a specifier of severity showed OR of 2.1 (95% CI 1.5, 2.9) for CVD.
conclusionThis study found that severity level of depression seems to be of significance for increased risk of CVD among depressed persons, although not in a dose-response manner which might be obscured due to treatment of depression. Further, we found a higher risk of CVD among depressed individuals with symptoms of anxious distress.
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