ArticleScientific reports2015
Different Brain Regions are Infected with Fungi in Alzheimer's Disease.
Article in Scientific reports, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 145 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
145 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 241 citations in OpenAlex.
- Rationale for a Multi-Factorial Approach for the Reversal of Cognitive Decline in Alzheimer's Disease and MCI: A Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Pooled it
- Microbial Pathogenesis and Pathophysiology of Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Assessment of Microorganisms' Implications in the Neurodegenerative Disease.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2021Pooled it
- Review
- A mechanistic framework linking the oral microbiome to Alzheimer's disease through neuroinflammation.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2026Review
- Lung endothelial cytopathic tau is sufficient to impair long-term potentiation during infection.American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology · 2026Article
- Candidalysin InhibitsInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Role of Microbial Toxins in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Insights and Future Perspectives.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Can we refute a role for infections in Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis?Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Article
- The impact of the Lab4 probiotic on neurodegenerative processes in a murine Alzheimer's disease model.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Article
- Exploring the role of infectious pathogens in Alzheimer's disease neuroinflammation.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Review
- Herpes simplex virus infection and Alzheimer's disease.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026Review
- Inflecting Factors on Alzheimer's Disease Progression: The Interaction of Gut Microbiome, Oxidative Stress, and Nutritional Interventions.Current topics in medicinal chemistry · 2026Review
- Pathogens Association with Alzheimer Disease: Emerging Concepts and New Perspectives.Current gene therapy · 2026Review
- Luliconazole-Loaded Nanoliposomes as a Repurposing Strategy to Combat Memory Dysfunction in LPS-Induced Alzheimer's Rats.ACS omega · 2025Article
- Post-infection brain atrophy accelerates cognitive and molecular changes underlying dementia.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2025Article
- The human mycobiome: a critical yet understudied component of health and disease.Microbiology (Reading, England) · 2025Review
- Microbial links to Alzheimer's disease.PLoS pathogens · 2025Review
- What would it take to prove that a chronic infection is a causal agent in Alzheimer's disease?Trends in neurosciences · 2025Review
- Sleep and Risk of Multiple Sclerosis: Bridging the Gap Between Inflammation and Neurodegeneration via Glymphatic Failure.Brain sciences · 2025Review
- Gut Fungi in Alzheimer's Disease: Mechanisms, Biomarkers and Therapeutic Potential.Aging and disease · 2025Review
85 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The possibility that Alzheimer's disease (AD) has a microbial aetiology has been proposed by several researchers. Here, we provide evidence that tissue from the central nervous system (CNS) of AD patients contain fungal cells and hyphae. Fungal material can be detected both intra- and extracellularly using specific antibodies against several fungi. Different brain regions including external frontal cortex, cerebellar hemisphere, entorhinal cortex/hippocampus and choroid plexus contain fungal material, which is absent in brain tissue from control individuals. Analysis of brain sections from ten additional AD patients reveals that all are infected with fungi. Fungal infection is also observed in blood vessels, which may explain the vascular pathology frequently detected in AD patients. Sequencing of fungal DNA extracted from frozen CNS samples identifies several fungal species. Collectively, our findings provide compelling evidence for the existence of fungal infection in the CNS from AD patients, but not in control individuals.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.