ArticleCell host & microbe2015
Mammalian Lipopolysaccharide Receptors Incorporated into the Retroviral Envelope Augment Virus Transmission.
Article in Cell host & microbe, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 53 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
53 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 79 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Commensal Microbiota and Viral Infection: A Comprehensive Review.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Pooled it
- Transkingdom Interactions Between Viruses and Bacteria: Implications for Wastewater Treatment Efficiency.Food and environmental virology · 2026Review
- HIV-1 interactions with sialic acid-binding bacterial lectins promote virus infectivity in vitro and mucosal transmission in humanized mice.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- HIV-1 interactions with sialic acid-binding bacterial lectins promote virus infectivityFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Innate Sensing of Viral Nucleic Acids and Their Use in Antiviral Vaccine Development.Vaccines · 2025Review
- HIV-1 interaction with aniScience · 2024Article
- Virion-incorporated CD14 enables HIV-1 to bind LPS and initiate TLR4 signaling in immune cells.Journal of virology · 2024Article
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- A single dominant locus restricts retrovirus replication in YBR/Ei mice.Journal of virology · 2023Article
- Microbiota-dependent proteolysis of gluten subverts diet-mediated protection against type 1 diabetes.Cell host & microbe · 2023Article
- The role of serum circulating microbial toxins in severity and cytokine storm of COVID positive patients.Microbial pathogenesis · 2023Review
- Scratching the Surface Takes a Toll: Immune Recognition of Viral Proteins by Surface Toll-like Receptors.Viruses · 2022Review
- Dynamic impact of virome on colitis and colorectal cancer: Immunity, inflammation, prevention and treatment.Seminars in cancer biology · 2022Review
- Lipopolysaccharide enhances HSV-1 replication and inflammatory factor release in the ARPE-19 cells.Heliyon · 2022Article
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- Do gastrointestinal microbiomes play a role in bats' unique viral hosting capacity?Trends in microbiology · 2022Review
- The Human Virome: Viral Metagenomics, Relations with Human Diseases, and Therapeutic Applications.Viruses · 2022Review
- Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The orally transmitted retrovirus mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) requires the intestinal microbiota for persistence. Virion-associated lipopolysaccharide (LPS) activates Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), stimulating production of the immunosuppressive cytokine IL-10 and MMTV evasion of host immunity. However, the mechanisms by which MMTV associates with LPS remain unknown. We find that the viral envelope contains the mammalian LPS-binding factors CD14, TLR4, and MD-2, which, in conjunction with LPS-binding protein (LBP), bind LPS to the virus and augment transmission. MMTV isolated from infected mice lacking these LBPs cannot engage LPS or stimulate TLR4 and have a transmission defect. Furthermore, MMTV incorporation of a weak agonist LPS from Bacteroides, a prevalent LPS source in the gut, significantly enhances the ability of this LPS to stimulate TLR4, suggesting that MMTV intensifies these immunostimulatory properties. Thus, an orally transmitted retrovirus can capture, modify, and exploit mammalian receptors for bacterial ligands to ensure successful transmission.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.