ArticleSexual medicine2015
Comparison of the Effects of Testosterone Gels, Injections, and Pellets on Serum Hormones, Erythrocytosis, Lipids, and Prostate-Specific Antigen.
Article in Sexual medicine, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 66 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of Testosterone Replacement Therapy on Metabolic Syndrome in Male Patients-Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Pooled it
- The effect of different administrations of testosterone therapy on adverse prostate events: A Bayesian network meta-analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Pooled it
- Testosterone therapy in hypogonadal men: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.BMJ open · 2017Pooled it
- Review
- Review
- Alternatives to serum testing for transdermal testosterone monitoring: a review of clinical data and correlation with clinical response.Frontiers in reproductive health · 2026Article
- Article
- Review
- Hypogonadism is frequent in very old men with multimorbidity and is associated with anemia and sarcopenia.Zeitschrift fur Gerontologie und Geriatrie · 2024Article
- Prevalence and predictive factors of testosterone-induced erythrocytosis: a retrospective single center study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Observational
- Clomiphene citrate: A potential alternative for testosterone therapy in hypogonadal males.Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism · 2023Article
- A review of adverse events in animals and children after secondary exposure to transdermal hormone-containing medicinal products.Veterinary record open · 2022Review
- Testosterone replacement therapy and cardiovascular disease.International journal of impotence research · 2022Review
- High altitude exposure affects male reproductive parameters: could it also affect the prostate?†.Biology of reproduction · 2022Review
- The Utilization and Impact of Aromatase Inhibitor Therapy in Men With Elevated Estradiol Levels on Testosterone Therapy.Sexual medicine · 2021Article
- Erythrocytosis in a Large Cohort of Trans Men Using Testosterone: A Long-Term Follow-Up Study on Prevalence, Determinants, and Exposure Years.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2021Article
- Article
- Clinical pearls to managing men's health conditions during the COVID-19 pandemic.Canadian Urological Association journal = Journal de l'Association des urologues du Canada · 2020Article
- Short-Acting Testosterone: More Physiologic?Frontiers in endocrinology · 2020Article
- The My-T study: Patient satisfaction and preference comparing topical and nasal testosterone therapies.Canadian Urological Association journal = Journal de l'Association des urologues du Canada · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionNumerous testosterone (T) formulations are available, each with differing effects on serum parameters.
aimThe aim of this study was to compare the long-term effects of topical, injectable, and implantable pellet T formulations in hypogonadal men.
methodsRetrospective review of hypogonadal men treated with a single T formulation was performed: 47 men on T gels, 57 on injectable T, and 74 on T pellets were identified. Total T (TT), calculated free T (FT), estradiol (E), hemoglobin (Hgb), hematocrit (Hct), prostate-specific antigen (PSA), total cholesterol (Tchol), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol were evaluated at baseline and every 3-6 months for 3 years. Serum parameters were compared using a mixed model linear regression for repeated measures.
main outcome measuresEffects of topical, injectable, and pellet T formulations on serum hormone levels, Hgb, Hct, lipid parameters and PSA.
resultsMen in the injectable T group were younger (42.5 ± 12.3 years) than in the gel (54.1 ± 9.8 years) or pellet groups (53.8 ± 13.0 years), and baseline FT, Hgb, and Hct were higher in the injectable T group than in gel or pellet groups. Increases in TT and FT were observed throughout follow-up in all groups. Increases in E were observed at in all T groups and throughout follow-up in injectable and gel groups. No PSA increases were observed. Erythrocytosis (Hct > 50%) was more common with injectable T (66.7%) than with T gels (12.8%) or pellets (35.1%, P < 0.0001). Transient changes in cholesterol, TG, and LDL were observed, and no significant changes were seen in HDL for any group.
conclusionsAll T formulations increase serum T and FT. More significant increases in E occur with injectable T and T gels. Changes in Hgb and Hct are most significant with injectable T, and effects on lipids are variable and inconsistent. Selection of T formulations must account for individual patient preferences and the effects of each formulation.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.