ArticleJournal of neurophysiology2015
Long-term training modifies the modular structure and organization of walking balance control.
Article in Journal of neurophysiology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 85 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
85 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 169 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effectiveness of exercise intervention on muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical function among postmenopausal women with sarcopenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2026Pooled it
- Muscle Synergies During Walking in Children With Cerebral Palsy: A Systematic Review.Frontiers in physiology · 2020Pooled it
- Kinematic and Neuromuscular Adaptations in Incomplete Spinal Cord Injury after High- versus Low-Intensity Locomotor Training.Journal of neurotrauma · 2019Trial
- An explicit strategy facilitates adaptation to virtual surgeries by biasing the recruitment of existing synergies.iScience · 2026Article
- Age-related differences in whole-body muscle synergies during overarm throwing in children.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Article
- Cortical response to balance perturbation is more sensitive in modern dancers than nondancers during biomechanically similar balance recovery.Journal of neurophysiology · 2026Article
- Impact of an occupational back-support exoskeleton on muscle synergies during a pick-up movement.European journal of applied physiology · 2026Article
- Muscle synergy characteristics of pumping in Chinese elite windsurfers.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Neuromechanical characteristics of breaststroke in adolescent swimmers across different performance levels: a comparative analysis.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Article
- Neuromuscular control strategies during the Tai Chi heel-kick movement across different levels of motor experience.Frontiers in physiology · 2026Article
- The impact of transcranial direct current stimulation on neuromuscular control during directional change.BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation · 2025Article
- Lower limb muscle synergies during deceleration at different change of direction angles.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- EMG-guided human-machine interaction training develops new intermuscular coordination patterns in stroke: a pilot study.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2025Article
- Cortical response to balance perturbation is more sensitive in modern dancers than nondancers during biomechanically similar balance recovery.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Developmental changes in upper limb muscle synergies during throwing: A comparison between preschoolers and schoolers.iScience · 2025Article
- Age-related differences in the modulation of muscle coordination complexity for goal-directed lateral stepping.Journal of biomechanics · 2025Article
- Alterations in the Neuromuscular Control Mechanism of the Legs During a Post-Fatigue Landing Make the Lower Limbs More Susceptible to Injury.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Generalizability of motor modules across walking-based and in-place tasks - a distribution-based analysis on total knee replacement patients.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2025Article
- Ethnokinesiology: towards a neuromechanical understanding of cultural differences in movement.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2024Article
25 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
How does long-term training affect the neural control of movements? Here we tested the hypothesis that long-term training leading to skilled motor performance alters muscle coordination during challenging, as well as nominal everyday motor behaviors. Using motor module (a.k.a., muscle synergy) analyses, we identified differences in muscle coordination patterns between professionally trained ballet dancers (experts) and untrained novices that accompanied differences in walking balance proficiency assessed using a challenging beam-walking test. During beam walking, we found that experts recruited more motor modules than novices, suggesting an increase in motor repertoire size. Motor modules in experts had less muscle coactivity and were more consistent than in novices, reflecting greater efficiency in muscle output. Moreover, the pool of motor modules shared between beam and overground walking was larger in experts compared with novices, suggesting greater generalization of motor module function across multiple behaviors. These differences in motor output between experts and novices could not be explained by differences in kinematics, suggesting that they likely reflect differences in the neural control of movement following years of training rather than biomechanical constraints imposed by the activity or musculoskeletal structure and function. Our results suggest that to learn challenging new behaviors, we may take advantage of existing motor modules used for related behaviors and sculpt them to meet the demands of a new behavior.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.