ArticleJournal of anatomy2015
Development of the ventral body wall in the human embryo.
Article in Journal of anatomy, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 65 citations in OpenAlex.
- Shared genetic architecture of hernias: A genome-wide association study with multivariable meta-analysis of multiple hernia phenotypes.PloS one · 2022Pooled it
- Heterochronic activation of TGF-β signaling drives the diversity of the avian sterna.Nature communications · 2026Article
- The Development of the Human Female Reproductive Tract. Part 1: Uterine Tube and Uterus.Clinical anatomy (New York, N.Y.) · 2026Article
- Successful Sternal Cleft Repair With Rib Graft and SurgiMend.Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open · 2025Article
- The development of the external genitals in female human embryos and foetuses. Part 2: Vaginal vestibule, anal canal, perineal raphe and perineal cutaneous muscles.Journal of anatomy · 2025Article
- The development of the external genitals in female human embryos and foetuses. Part 1: Perineal thick skin, clitoris and labia.Journal of anatomy · 2025Article
- Ventral body wall closure: Mechanistic insights from mouse models and translation to human pathology.Developmental dynamics : an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists · 2025Review
- Formation of tendinous intersections in the human fetal rectus abdominis.Journal of anatomy · 2024Article
- Bovine omphalocele: errors in embryonic development, veterinarian importance, and the way forward.Veterinary research communications · 2022Review
- Double-layered two-directional somatopleural cell migration during chicken body wall development revealed with local fluorescent tissue labeling.Anatomical science international · 2022Article
- Embryology of the Abdominal Wall and Associated Malformations-A Review.Frontiers in surgery · 2022Review
- Development of the sympathetic trunks in human embryos.Journal of anatomy · 2021Article
- Posture and Health: Are the Biomechanical Postural Evaluation and the Postural Evaluation Questionnaire Comparable to and Predictive of the Digitized Biometrics Examination?International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Midgut development in rat embryos using microcomputed tomography.Communications biology · 2021Article
- The congenital sternoclavicular sinus: a single-institution retrospective study of 88 patients.Orphanet journal of rare diseases · 2021Article
- Investigation of a connection between abdominal wall defects and severity of the herniation in fetuses with gastroschisis and omphalocele.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Magnetic resonance imaging of the fetal musculoskeletal system.Pediatric radiology · 2020Review
- Exploring copy number variants in deceased fetuses and neonates with abnormal vertebral patterns and cervical ribs.Birth defects research · 2020Article
- Extrinsic innervation of the pelvic organs in the lesser pelvis of human embryos.Journal of anatomy · 2020Article
- Exploring Anatomic Variants to Enhance Anatomy Teaching: Musculus Sternalis.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Migratory failure of somitic cells is the commonest explanation for ventral body wall defects. However, the embryo increases ~ 25-fold in volume in the period that the ventral body wall forms, so that differential growth may, instead, account for the observed changes in topography. Human embryos between 4 and 10 weeks of development were studied, using amira reconstruction and cinema 4D remodeling software for visualization. Initially, vertebrae and ribs had formed medially, and primordia of sternum and hypaxial flank muscle primordium laterally in the body wall at Carnegie Stage (CS)15 (5.5 weeks). The next week, ribs and muscle primordium expanded in ventrolateral direction only. At CS18 (6.5 weeks), separate intercostal and abdominal wall muscles differentiated, and ribs, sterna, and muscles began to expand ventromedially and caudally, with the bilateral sternal bars fusing in the midline after CS20 (7 weeks) and the rectus muscles reaching the umbilicus at CS23 (8 weeks). The near-constant absolute distance between both rectus muscles and approximately fivefold decline of this distance relative to body circumference between 6 and 10 weeks identified dorsoventral growth in the dorsal body wall as determinant of the 'closure' of the ventral body wall. Concomitant with the straightening of the embryonic body axis after the 6th week, the abdominal muscles expanded ventrally and caudally to form the infraumbilical body wall. Our data, therefore, show that the ventral body wall is formed by differential dorsoventral growth in the dorsal part of the body.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.