ArticleMalaria journal2015
Spatial and temporal epidemiology of malaria in extra-Amazonian regions of Brazil.
Article in Malaria journal, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Evaluation of the malaria elimination policy in Brazil: a systematic review and epidemiological analysis study.Tropical biomedicine · 2020Pooled it
- Factors associated with hospitalizations due to severe malaria in the non-endemic Brazilian region: a case-control study in the extra-Amazon Region from 2011 to 2019.Malaria journal · 2025Article
- Sociodemographic aspects, time series and high-risk clusters of malaria in the extra-Amazon region of Brazil: a 22-year study.Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical · 2024Article
- Record Linkage for Malaria Deaths Data Recovery and Surveillance in Brazil.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2023Article
- Malaria time series in the extra-Amazon region of Brazil: epidemiological scenario and a two-year prediction model.Malaria journal · 2022Article
- Reaching the malaria elimination goal in Brazil: a spatial analysis and time-series study.Infectious diseases of poverty · 2022Article
- Complexity of malaria transmission dynamics in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest.Current research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases · 2021Article
- Changes in malaria patterns in Brazil over 28 years (1990-2017): results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017.Population health metrics · 2020Article
- Imported malaria in Rio de Janeiro state between 2007 and 2015: an epidemiologic approach.Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz · 2019Article
- Study of the epidemiological behavior of malaria in the Darien Region, Panama. 2015-2017.PloS one · 2019Article
- Cryptic diversity in an Atlantic Forest malaria vector from the mountains of South-East Brazil.Parasites & vectors · 2018Article
- Survey of Plasmodium in the golden-headed lion tamarin (Leontopithecus chrysomelas) living in urban Atlantic forest in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.Malaria journal · 2016Article
- Malaria in Southern Brazil: a potential threat for a non-endemic region.The Brazilian journal of infectious diseases : an official publication of the Brazilian Society of Infectious DiseasesArticle
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5 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundMosquitoes, Plasmodium parasites, and humans live in sympatry in some extra-Amazonian regions of Brazil. Recent migrations of people from Amazonia and other countries to extra-Amazonian regions have led to many malaria outbreaks. Lack of relevant expertise among health professionals in non-endemic areas can lead to a neglect of the disease, which can be dangerous given its high fatality rate. Therefore, understanding the spatial and temporal epidemiology of malaria is essential for developing strategies for disease control and elimination. This study aimed to characterize imported (IMP) and autochthonous/introduced (AU/IN) cases in the extra-Amazonian regions and identify risk areas and groups.
methodsEpidemiological data collected between 2007 and 2014 were obtained from the Notifiable Diseases Information System of the Ministry of Health (SINAN) and from the Department of the Unified Health System (DATASUS). High malaria risk areas were determined using the Local Indicator of Spatial Association. IMP and AU/IN malaria incidence rates were corrected by Local Empirical Bayesian rates.
resultsA total of 6092 malaria cases (IMP: 5416, 88.9 %; AU/IN: 676, 11.1 %) was recorded in the extra-Amazonian regions in 2007-2014. The highest numbers of IMP and AU/IN cases were registered in 2007 (n = 862) and 2010 (n = 149), respectively. IMP cases were more frequent than AU/IN cases in all states except for Espírito Santo. Piauí, Espírito Santo, and Paraná states had high incidences of AU/IN malaria. The majority of infections were by Plasmodium falciparum in northeast and southeast regions, while Plasmodium vivax was the predominant species in the south and mid-west showed cases of dual infection. AU/IN malaria cases were concentrated in the coastal region of Brazil, which contains the Atlantic Forest and hosts the Anopheles transmitters. Several malaria clusters were also associated with the Brazilian Pantanal biome and regions bordering the Amazonian biome.
conclusionMalaria is widespread outside the Amazonian region of Brazil, including in more urbanized and industrialized states. This fact is concerning because these highly populated areas retain favourable conditions for spreading of the parasites and vectors. Control measures for both IMP and AU/IN malaria are essential in these high-risk areas.
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