Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26465325›Full record

ArticlePloS one2015

Presence of Tablet Remnants of Nevirapine Extended-Release in Stools and Its Impact on Virological Outcome in HIV-1-Infected Patients: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Yi-Chieh Lee, Shu-Wen Lin, Mao-Yuan Chen, Sui-Yuan Chang, Ching-Hua Kuo, Wang-Huei Sheng, Szu-Min Hsieh, Hsin-Yun Sun, Hsi-Yen Chang, Mon-Ro Wu and 8 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
0.4field-weighted citation impact, top 36% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 2 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Observational
  2. Undigested Pills in Stool Mimicking Parasitic Infection.Case reports in gastrointestinal medicine · 2017
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

18 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Yi-Chieh LeeDepartment of Internal Medicine, Lotung Poh-Ai Hospital, Lo-Hsu Foundation, Inc., I-Lan, Taiwan.
Shu-Wen LinDepartment of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
Mao-Yuan ChenDepartment of internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
Sui-Yuan ChangDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
Ching-Hua KuoDepartment of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Wang-Huei ShengDepartment of internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Center of Infection Control, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
Szu-Min HsiehDepartment of internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
Hsin-Yun SunDepartment of internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
Hsi-Yen ChangCenter of Infection Control, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
Mon-Ro WuDepartment of internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
Wen-Chun LiuDepartment of internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
Pei-Ying WuCenter of Infection Control, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
Shang-Ping YangCenter of Infection Control, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
Jun-Yu ZhangCenter of Infection Control, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
Yi-Ching SuCenter of Infection Control, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
Yi-Zhen LuoCenter of Infection Control, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
Chien-Ching HungDepartment of internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
Shan-Chwen ChangDepartment of internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
National Taiwan University Hospital · TWChina Medical University · TWLuodong Poh-Ai Hospital · TWNational Taiwan University · TW

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundNevirapine extended-release (NVP-XR) taken once daily remains an effective antiretroviral agent for patients infected with HIV-1 strains that do not harbor resistance mutations. Presence of tablet remnants of NVP XR in stools was reported in 1.19% and 3.05% of subjects in two clinical trials. However, the prevalence may have been underestimated because the information was retrospectively collected in the studies.

methodsBetween April and December 2014, we prospectively inquired about the frequency of noticing tablet remnants of NVP XR in stools in HIV-1-infected patients who switched to antiretroviral regimens containing NVP XR plus 2 nucleos(t)ide reverse-transcriptase inhibitors. Patients were invited to participate in therapeutic drug monitoring of plasma concentrations of NVP 12 or 24 hours after taking the previous dose (C12 and C24, respectively) of NVP XR using high-performance liquid chromatography. The information on clinical characteristics, including plasma HIV RNA load and CD4 lymphocyte count, at baseline and during follow-up was recorded.

resultsDuring the 9-month study period, 272 patients switched to NVP XR-based regimens and 60 (22.1%) noticed tablet remnants of NVP XR in stools, in whom 54.2% reported noticing the tablet remnants at least once weekly. Compared with patients who did not notice tablet remnants, those who noticed tablet remnants had a higher mean CD4 lymphocyte count (629 vs 495 cells/mm3, P = 0.0002) and a similar mean plasma HIV RNA load (1.57 vs 1.61 log10 copies/mL, P = 0.76) on switch. At about 12 and 24 weeks after switch, patients who noticed tablet remnants continued to have a similar mean plasma HIV RNA load (1.39 vs 1.43 log10 copies/mL, P = 0.43; and 1.30 vs 1.37 log10 copies/mL, P = 0.26, respectively), but had a lower median NVP C12 (3640 vs 4730 ng/mL, P = 0.06), and a similar median NVP C24 (3220 vs 3330 ng/ml, P = 0.95) when compared with those who did not notice tablet remnants.

conclusionsThe presence of tablet remnants of NVP XR in stools is not uncommon in HIV-1-infected Taiwanese patients receiving NVP XR-based antiretroviral regimens, which does not have an adverse impact on the virological and immunological outcomes.

Indexed as

AdultAnti-HIV AgentsDrug LiberationFecesFemaleHIV-1HIV InfectionsHumansMaleMiddle AgedNevirapineTabletsViral LoadAnti-HIV AgentsNevirapineTablets

Identifiers

PMID26465325
PMCPMC4605833
OpenAlexW2214851279

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.