Trial reportJournal of consulting and clinical psychology2016
Concurrent treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder and alcohol dependence: Predictors and moderators of outcome.
Trial report in Journal of consulting and clinical psychology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 52 citations in OpenAlex.
- Psychological therapies for post-traumatic stress disorder and comorbid substance use disorder.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2016Pooled it
- The influence of posttraumatic stress disorder treatment on anxiety sensitivity: Impact of prolonged exposure, sertraline, and their combination.Journal of traumatic stress · 2023Trial
- Concurrent treatment of substance use disorders and PTSD using prolonged exposure: A randomized clinical trial in military veterans.Addictive behaviors · 2019Trial
- Predictors of dropout in concurrent treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder and alcohol dependence: Rate of improvement matters.Behaviour research and therapy · 2016Trial
- Exercise Augmentation of Exposure Therapy for PTSD: Rationale and Pilot Efficacy Data.Cognitive behaviour therapy · 2015Trial
- Do race/ethnicity and religious affiliation moderate treatment outcomes among individuals with co-occurring PTSD and substance use disorders?Journal of prevention & intervention in the communityTrial
- Moderators of Internet-Delivered Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Adolescents With Chronic Pain: Who Benefits From Treatment at Long-Term Follow-Up?The journal of painTrial
- The role of intelligence in PTSD treatment outcomes: evidence from a multicenter TF-CBT trial with youth.Child and adolescent psychiatry and mental health · 2026Article
- The role of distress tolerance in treatment of posttraumatic stress and substance use disorders: a systematic review.Cognitive behaviour therapy · 2026Review
- Effectiveness in routine care: trauma-focused treatment for PTSD.European journal of psychotraumatology · 2025Article
- Prognostic and prescriptive predictors of PTSD response to prolonged exposure and sertraline.Journal of mood and anxiety disorders · 2023Article
- Is Fear Extinction Impairment Central to Psychopathology?Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · 2023Article
- Protocol for individual participant data meta-analysis of interventions for post-traumatic stress.BMJ open · 2022Article
- Seeing the forest for the trees: Predicting attendance in trials for co-occurring PTSD and substance use disorders with a machine learning approach.Journal of consulting and clinical psychology · 2021Article
- Prolonged exposure therapy for PTSD among spinal cord injury survivors: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.Contemporary clinical trials communications · 2021Article
- Predicting and Managing Treatment Non-Response in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder.Current treatment options in psychiatry · 2020Article
- Predictors of Treatment Outcome in Group or Individual Cognitive Processing Therapy for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Among Active Duty Military.Cognitive therapy and research · 2020Article
- Learning to address multiple syndemics for people living with HIV through client perspectives on CBT.Psychotherapy research : journal of the Society for Psychotherapy Research · 2019Article
- Co-Occurring Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Alcohol Use Disorder in U.S. Military and Veteran Populations.Alcohol research : current reviews · 2018Review
- The role of anxiety sensitivity in reactivity to trauma cues in treatment-seeking adults with substance use disorders.Comprehensive psychiatry · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveThe present study examined predictors and moderators of treatment response among 165 adults meeting Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition criteria for comorbid posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and alcohol dependence (AD), who were randomized to 24 weeks of Naltrexone (NAL), NAL and prolonged exposure (PE), pill placebo, or pill placebo and PE. All participants received supportive counseling for alcohol use.
methodSix domains of predictors or moderators (23 variables) were evaluated using measures of PTSD (Posttraumatic Stress Symptom Scale Interview) and AD (days drinking from the timeline follow-back interview) collected every 4 weeks throughout treatment. Multilevel modeling with the Fournier approach was used to evaluate predictors and moderators of rates of symptom improvement and posttreatment outcomes.
resultsCombat trauma, sexual assault trauma, and higher baseline anxiety sensitivity predicted slower improvement and poorer PTSD outcome. Combat trauma, White race, and higher baseline drinking severity predicted poorer drinking outcome. PTSD severity moderated the efficacy of PE on PTSD outcomes, such that the benefit of PE over no-PE was greater for participants with higher baseline PTSD severity. Baseline depressive severity moderated the efficacy of PE on drinking outcomes, whereby the benefit of PE over no-PE was greater for participants with higher depressive symptoms. NAL effects were most beneficial for those with the longest duration of AD.
conclusionThese results suggest that concurrent, trauma-focused treatment should be recommended for PTSD-AD patients who present with moderate or severe baseline PTSD and depressive symptoms. Future research should examine the mechanisms underlying poorer outcome among identified subgroups of PTSD-AD patients.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.