ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2015
Glycine activated ion channel subunits encoded by ctenophore glutamate receptor genes.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
- Tunable AMPA receptor function via recurrent evolution of heterotetramers.The Journal of general physiology · 2026Article
- Evolution of iGluR ligand specificity, polyamine regulation, and ion selectivity inferred from a placozoan epsilon receptor.Communications biology · 2025Article
- Inhibitory Systems in Brain Evolution: Pathways of Vulnerability in Neurodevelopmental Disorders.Brain, behavior and evolution · 2025Review
- AMPA receptors in the evolving synapse: structure, function, and disease implications.Frontiers in synaptic neuroscience · 2025Review
- An AI-generated proteome-scale dataset of predicted protein structures for the ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi.Proteomics · 2024Article
- Loss of activation by GABA in vertebrate delta ionotropic glutamate receptors.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- Expression and Functional Analysis of Ctenophore Glutamate Receptor Genes.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2024Article
- Nitric oxide suppresses cilia activity in ctenophores.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- Independent Innexin Radiation Shaped Signaling in Ctenophores.Molecular biology and evolution · 2023Article
- Recording cilia activity in ctenophores: effects of nitric oxide and low molecular weight transmitters.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Article
- Syncytial nets vs. chemical signaling: emerging properties of alternative integrative systems.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2023Article
- Amino acids integrate behaviors in nerveless placozoans.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Article
- The premetazoan ancestry of the synaptic toolkit and appearance of first neurons.Essays in biochemistry · 2022Article
- Evolution of glutamatergic signaling and synapses.Neuropharmacology · 2021Review
- Structure, Function, and Pharmacology of Glutamate Receptor Ion Channels.Pharmacological reviews · 2021Review
- Neural versus alternative integrative systems: molecular insights into origins of neurotransmitters.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2021Review
- Ionotropic Receptors as a Driving Force behind Human Synapse Establishment.Molecular biology and evolution · 2021Article
- The glutaminase (CgGLS-1) mediates anti-bacterial immunity by prompting cytokine synthesis and hemocyte apoptosis in Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- High-quality reannotation of the king scallop genome reveals no 'gene-rich' feature and evolution of toxin resistance.Computational and structural biotechnology journal · 2021Article
- Conserved biophysical features of the CaThe Journal of biological chemistry · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Recent genome projects for ctenophores have revealed the presence of numerous ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs) in Mnemiopsis leidyi and Pleurobrachia bachei, among our earliest metazoan ancestors. Sequence alignments and phylogenetic analysis show that these form a distinct clade from the well-characterized AMPA, kainate, and NMDA iGluR subtypes found in vertebrates. Although annotated as glutamate and kainate receptors, crystal structures of the ML032222a and PbiGluR3 ligand-binding domains (LBDs) reveal endogenous glycine in the binding pocket, whereas ligand-binding assays show that glycine binds with nanomolar affinity; biochemical assays and structural analysis establish that glutamate is occluded from the binding cavity. Further analysis reveals ctenophore-specific features, such as an interdomain Arg-Glu salt bridge, present only in subunits that bind glycine, but also a conserved disulfide in loop 1 of the LBD that is found in all vertebrate NMDA but not AMPA or kainate receptors. We hypothesize that ctenophore iGluRs are related to an early ancestor of NMDA receptors, suggesting a common evolutionary path for ctenophores and bilaterian species, and suggest that future work should consider both glycine and glutamate as candidate neurotransmitters in ctenophore species.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.