ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2015
The HLA-G cycle provides for both NK tolerance and immunity at the maternal-fetal interface.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 94 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
94 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 166 citations in OpenAlex.
- Crosstalk Between Trophoblasts and Decidual Immune Cells: The Cornerstone of Maternal-Fetal Immunotolerance.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Pooled it
- Article
- Microchimerism: The Hidden Cellular Dialogue Between Mother and Fetal That Shapes Lifelong Immunity.Expert reviews in molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Placental Histiocyte Phenotypes in Chronic Histiocytic Intervillositis: A Comprehensive Immunophenotypic and Morphologic Atlas.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Phenotypically similar but functionally distinct NK cell populations within the human maternal-fetal interface.ImmunoHorizons · 2026Article
- Checkpoint Inhibition in Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia: A Narrative Review on the Reawakening of Antitumor Immunity.Advances in therapy · 2026Review
- Decidual immune activation by extravillous trophoblasts drives maternal-fetal tolerance and immunity.Trends in immunology · 2026Article
- Therapeutic potential of stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles in aging and regeneration.Frontiers in aging · 2026Review
- HLA-G, IL-6 and TGF-β in Seminal Plasma as Potential Biomarkers of ART Outcome.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2025Article
- Human placentation: foundations and implications for reproductive endocrinology and infertility.Systems biology in reproductive medicine · 2025Review
- Dual Role of Natural Killer Cells in Early Pregnancy: Immunopathological Implications and Therapeutic Potential in Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion and Recurrent Implantation Failure.Cell proliferation · 2025Review
- Granulysin-high decidual NK cells in macaques and humans share signatures of immune defense.Cell reports · 2025Article
- First trimester extravillous trophoblast secretes HLA class I molecules via small extracellular vesicles.Placenta · 2025Article
- Article
- The TEA domain transcription factors TEAD1 and TEAD3 and WNT signaling determine HLA-G expression in human extravillous trophoblasts.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Zika virus NS1 drives tunneling nanotube formation for mitochondrial transfer and stealth transmission in trophoblasts.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Do the expressions of HLA-G and killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors change in colorectal cancer?Turkish journal of medical sciences · 2025Article
- Harnessing the immunomodulatory properties of HLA-G for advanced immunotherapies.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Comprehensive snapshots of natural killer cells functions, signaling, molecular mechanisms and clinical utilization.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2024Review
- No time to die: Epigenetic regulation of natural killer cell survival.Immunological reviews · 2024Review
34 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The interaction of noncytotoxic decidual natural killer cells (dNK) and extravillous trophoblasts (EVT) at the maternal-fetal interface was studied. Confocal microscopy revealed that many dNK interact with a single large EVT. Filamentous projections from EVT enriched in HLA-G were shown to contact dNK, and may represent the initial stage of synapse formation. As isolated, 2.5% of dNK contained surface HLA-G. However, surface HLA-G-negative dNK contained internalized HLA-G. Activation of dNK resulted in the disappearance of internalized HLA-G in parallel with restoration of cytotoxicity. Surface HLA-G was reacquired by incubation with EVT. This HLA-G cycle of trogocytosis, endocytosis, degradation, and finally reacquisition provides a transient and localized acquisition of new functional properties by dNK upon interaction with EVT. Interruption of the cycle by activation of dNK by cytokines and/or viral products serves to ensure the NK control of virus infection at the interface, and is illustrated here by the response of dNK to human cytomegalo virus (HCMV)-infected decidual stromal cells. Thus, the HLA-G cycle in dNK can provide both for NK tolerance and antiviral immunity.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.