ArticlePediatrics2015
Outpatient Visits and Medication Prescribing for US Children With Mental Health Conditions.
Article in Pediatrics, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 57 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
57 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 162 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pharmacotherapy interventions for adolescent co-occurring substance use and mental health disorders: a systematic review.Family practice · 2022Pooled it
- Effects of Training on Use of Stimulant Diversion Prevention Strategies by Pediatric Primary Care Providers: Results from a Cluster-Randomized Trial.Prevention science : the official journal of the Society for Prevention Research · 2022Trial
- Use of Stimulant Diversion Prevention Strategies in Pediatric Primary Care and Associations With Provider Characteristics.The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine · 2021Trial
- Acceptability of Group Visits for Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Pediatric Clinics.Journal of developmental and behavioral pediatrics : JDBP · 2017Trial
- Treatment patterns and comparative clinical outcomes of ADHD medications in adolescents and young adults with comorbid major depressive disorder.Journal of affective disorders · 2026Article
- Youth Mental Health Treatment Knowledge and Information Sources Among Racially and Ethnically Minoritized Parents: A Cross-Sectional Study.The journal of behavioral health services & research · 2026Article
- Article
- Children in Mental Health Crisis: Pediatric Primary Care Providers' Role in Bridging Treatment Following Higher Levels of Care.Journal of clinical psychology in medical settings · 2025Article
- Provider Adoption of an Online Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder eHealth Care Application.Applied clinical informatics · 2025Article
- The Influence of Project ECHO and Integrated Behavioral Health in Primary Care on Emergency Department Visits Among Youth Diagnosed with Depression.The journal of behavioral health services & research · 2025Article
- Reduced Efficacy of Behavior Therapy Following Initial Multimodal Treatment of ADHD.Evidence-based practice in child and adolescent mental health · 2025Article
- Greater Frontoparietal Connectivity During Task Engagement Among Toddlers With Parent-Reported Inattention.Developmental psychobiology · 2024Article
- Empowering primary care physicians in child and adolescent psychiatry: a needs assessment on collaborative care in Dubai.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Article
- A Case-Based, Longitudinal Curriculum in Pediatric Behavioral and Mental Health.MedEdPORTAL : the journal of teaching and learning resources · 2024Article
- Systematic Review: Child Psychiatry Access Program Outcomes.JAACAP open · 2023Article
- State of the Evidence for Use of Psychotropic Medications in School-Age Youth.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Anxiety and Depression Treatment in Primary Care Pediatrics.Pediatrics · 2023Review
- Pediatric collaborative care outcomes in a regional model.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Article
- General practitioner-centred paediatric primary care reduces risk of hospitalisation for mental disorders in children and adolescents with ADHD: findings from a retrospective cohort study.The European journal of general practice · 2022Article
- Impact of pet dog or cat exposure during childhood on mental illness during adolescence: a cohort study.BMC pediatrics · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo compare the mental health care US children receive from primary care providers (PCPs) and other mental health care providers.
methodsUsing nationally representative data from the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS) from 2008 to 2011, we determined whether children and youth aged 2 to 21 years with outpatient visits for mental health problems in the past year saw PCPs, psychiatrists, and/or psychologists/social workers for these conditions. We compared the proportion of children prescribed psychotropic medications by provider type. Using logistic regression, we examined associations of provider type seen and medication prescribing with race/ethnicity, household income, insurance status, geographical area, and language at home.
resultsOne-third (34.8%) of children receiving outpatient care for mental health conditions saw PCPs only, 26.2% saw psychiatrists only, and 15.2% saw psychologists/social workers only. Nearly a quarter (23.8%) of children saw multiple providers. A greater proportion of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) versus children with anxiety/mood disorders saw a PCP only (41.8% vs 17.2%). PCPs prescribed medications to a higher percentage of children than did psychiatrists. Children seeing a PCP for ADHD were more likely to receive stimulants or α-agonists than children with ADHD seeing psychiatrists (73.7% vs 61.4%). We found only limited associations of sociodemographic characteristics with provider type or medication use.
conclusionsPCPs appear to be sole physician managers for care of 4 in 10 US children with ADHD, and one-third with mental health conditions overall. Efforts supporting mental health in primary care will reach a substantial portion of children receiving mental health services.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.