ReviewExtreme physiology & medicine2015
The impact of extended bed rest on the musculoskeletal system in the critical care environment.
Review in Extreme physiology & medicine, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 4 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 139 papers, 16 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Evaluation of Peripheral Muscle With Ultrassonografic of Critical Patients With Covid-19
The Effect of Hot-Cold Application to the Bladder After Orthopedic Surgery on Postoperative Urinary Retention
Enhancing Recovery in Hip Fracture Surgeries
Cross-sectional Study on the Variation of Muscle Thickness and Subcutaneous Tissues by Ultrasound and Bioelectrical Impedance in Association with the Fluid Balance of Patients in Intensive Care
Who cites it
139 citing papers in PubMed, 16 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 359 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Impact of early goal-directed mobilization on ICU-acquired weakness: a meta-analysis.Frontiers in neurology · 2026Pooled it
- Effectiveness of Nurse-Led Early Mobility Protocols on the Outcomes of Critical Care Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Nursing open · 2025Pooled it
- Impact of sarcopenia and frailty on outcomes of patients with sepsis or septic shock: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Pooled it
- Early mobilization in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage may im-prove functional status and reduce cerebral vasospasm rate: a systematic review with meta-analysis.Journal of rehabilitation medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Prevalence and clinical implications of abnormal body composition phenotypes in patients with COVID-19: a systematic review.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2023Pooled it
- Complications after early versus late mobilization after an incidental durotomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2023Pooled it
- Behaviour change interventions to increase physical activity in hospitalised patients: a systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression.Age and ageing · 2022Pooled it
- Nonuniform loss of muscle strength and atrophy during bed rest: a systematic review.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2021Pooled it
- Rehabilitation to enable recovery from COVID-19: a rapid systematic review.Physiotherapy · 2021Pooled it
- Optimizing patients' functional status during daily nursing care interventions: A systematic review.Research in nursing & health · 2020Pooled it
- ICU-acquired weakness.Intensive care medicine · 2020Pooled it
- Effects of blood flow restriction without additional exercise on strength reductions and muscular atrophy following immobilization: A systematic review.Journal of sport and health science · 2020Pooled it
- How much do hospitalized adults move? A systematic review and meta-analysis.Applied nursing research : ANR · 2020Pooled it
- Efficacy and Safety of Very Early Mobilization in Patients with Acute Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2017Pooled it
- Safety criteria to start early mobilization in intensive care units. Systematic review.Revista Brasileira de terapia intensivaPooled it
- Effect of artificial gravity on calcaneal bone marrow adipose tissue and mineral content in female and male participants in 60 days of bed rest.Experimental physiology · 2026Trial
- Electrical stimulation to regain lower extremity muscle perfusion and endurance in patients with post-acute sequelae of SARS CoV-2: A randomized controlled trial.Physiological reports · 2023Trial
- Token economy to improve adherence to activities of daily living.Pediatric blood & cancer · 2018Trial
- Effects that passive cycling exercise have on muscle strength, duration of mechanical ventilation, and length of hospital stay in critically ill patients: a randomized clinical trial.Jornal brasileiro de pneumologia : publicacao oficial da Sociedade Brasileira de Pneumologia e TisilogiaTrial
79 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Prolonged immobility is harmful with rapid reductions in muscle mass, bone mineral density and impairment in other body systems evident within the first week of bed rest which is further exacerbated in individuals with critical illness. Our understanding of the aetiology and secondary consequences of prolonged immobilization in the critically ill is improving with recent and ongoing research to establish the cause, effect, and best treatment options. This review aims to describe the current literature on bed rest models for examining immobilization-induced changes in the musculoskeletal system and pathophysiology of immobilisation in critical illness including examination of intracellular signalling processes involved. Finally, the review examines the current barriers to early activity and mobilization and potential rehabilitation strategies, which are being, investigated which may reverse the effects of prolonged bed rest. Addressing the deleterious effects of immobilization is a major step in treatment and prevention of the public health issue, that is, critical illness survivorship.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.