Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26453029›Full record

ArticleBMC microbiology2015

Secretome profiling of Cryptococcus neoformans reveals regulation of a subset of virulence-associated proteins and potential biomarkers by protein kinase A.

Jennifer M H Geddes, Daniel Croll, Mélissa Caza, Nikolay Stoynov, Leonard J Foster, James W Kronstad

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC microbiology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
37citing papers in PubMed
3.1field-weighted citation impact, top 9% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

37 citing papers in PubMed, 62 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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  7. Insights from Mass Spectrometry-Based Proteomics onJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Review
  8. Review
  9. Review
  10. Secretome analysis and virulence assessment inJournal of oral microbiology · 2024
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. microLife · 2022
    Article
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Proteomics ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2021
    Review
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Jennifer M H GeddesMichael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada. jenngedd13@gmail.com.
Daniel CrollMichael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada. daniel.croll@usys.ethz.ch.
Mélissa CazaMichael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada. mcaza@msl.ubc.ca.
Nikolay StoynovCentre for High-Throughput Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada. nstoynov@mail.ubc.ca.
Leonard J FosterCentre for High-Throughput Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada. foster@chibi.ubc.ca.
James W KronstadMichael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada. kronstad@msl.ubc.ca.
University of British Columbia · CACanada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre · CA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe pathogenic yeast Cryptococcus neoformans causes life-threatening meningoencephalitis in individuals suffering from HIV/AIDS. The cyclic-AMP/protein kinase A (PKA) signal transduction pathway regulates the production of extracellular virulence factors in C. neoformans, but the influence of the pathway on the secretome has not been investigated. In this study, we performed quantitative proteomics using galactose-inducible and glucose-repressible expression of the PKA1 gene encoding the catalytic subunit of PKA to identify regulated proteins in the secretome.

methodsThe proteins in the supernatants of cultures of C. neoformans were precipitated and identified using liquid chromatography-coupled tandem mass spectrometry. We also employed multiple reaction monitoring in a targeted approach to identify fungal proteins in samples from macrophages after phagocytosis of C. neoformans cells, as well as from the blood and bronchoalveolar fluid of infected mice.

resultsWe identified 61 secreted proteins and found that changes in PKA1 expression influenced the extracellular abundance of five proteins, including the Cig1 and Aph1 proteins with known roles in virulence. We also observed a change in the secretome profile upon induction of Pka1 from proteins primarily involved in catabolic and metabolic processes to an expanded set that included proteins for translational regulation and the response to stress. We further characterized the secretome data using enrichment analysis and by predicting conventional versus non-conventional secretion. Targeted proteomics of the Pka1-regulated proteins allowed us to identify the secreted proteins in lysates of phagocytic cells containing C. neoformans, and in samples from infected mice. This analysis also revealed that modulation of PKA1 expression influences the intracellular survival of cryptococcal cells upon phagocytosis.

conclusionsOverall, we found that the cAMP/PKA pathway regulates specific components of the secretome including proteins that affect the virulence of C. neoformans. The detection of secreted cryptococcal proteins from infected phagocytic cells and tissue samples suggests their potential utility as biomarkers of infection. The proteomics data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifiers PXD002731 and PASS00736.

Indexed as

AnimalsBiomarkersChemical PrecipitationChromatography, LiquidCryptococcus neoformansCulture MediaCyclic AMPCyclic AMP-Dependent Protein KinasesFemaleFungal ProteinsMacrophagesMice, Inbred BALB CProteomeTandem Mass SpectrometryVirulence FactorsBiomarkersCulture MediaCyclic AMPCyclic AMP-Dependent Protein KinasesFungal ProteinsProteomeVirulence Factors

Identifiers

PMID26453029
PMCPMC4600298
OpenAlexW1943178454

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.