ArticleTissue barriers
Commensal bacterial internalization by epithelial cells: An alternative portal for gut leakiness.
Article in Tissue barriers. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Brush border intermicrovillar adhesion limits bacteria attachment to the small intestine brush border.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Markers of bacterial translocation as a possible indicator of subclinical inflammation in pediatric inflammatory bowel diseases patients.Przeglad gastroenterologiczny · 2025Article
- Defects in microvillus crosslinking sensitize to colitis and inflammatory bowel disease.EMBO reports · 2023Article
- The intermicrovillar adhesion complex in gut barrier function and inflammation.Exploration of digestive diseases · 2022Article
- Butyrate Glycerides Protect against Intestinal Inflammation and Barrier Dysfunction in Mice.Nutrients · 2022Article
- Factors Affecting Spontaneous Endocytosis and Survival of Probiotic Lactobacilli in Human Intestinal Epithelial Cells.Microorganisms · 2022Article
- Article
- Gut microbial transcytosis induced by tumor necrosis factor-like 1A-dependent activation of a myosin light chain kinase splice variant contributes to IBD.Journal of Crohn's & colitis · 2021Article
- Article
- Angiocrine Regulation of Epithelial Barrier Integrity in Inflammatory Bowel Disease.Frontiers in medicine · 2021Review
- Impaired Intestinal Barrier and Tissue Bacteria: Pathomechanisms for Metabolic Diseases.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2021Review
- Is "Cholinergic" Stimulus Useful for Ulcerative Colitis Treatment?Digestive diseases and sciences · 2020Article
- Microbiota dysbiosis and barrier dysfunction in inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal cancers: exploring a common ground hypothesis.Journal of biomedical science · 2018Review
- Hypoxia-induced intestinal barrier changes in balloon-assisted enteroscopy.The Journal of physiology · 2018Observational
- Impact of microbiota in colorectal carcinogenesis: lessons from experimental models.Intestinal research · 2018Review
- Intestinal epithelium, intraepithelial lymphocytes and the gut microbiota - Key players in the pathogenesis of celiac disease.World journal of gastroenterology · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Co-existing paracellular and transcellular barrier defect in intestinal epithelium was documented in inflammatory bowel disease, celiac disease, and intestinal obstruction. Mechanisms regarding tight junction disruption have been extensively studied; however, limited progress has been made in research on bacterial transcytosis. Densely packed brush border (BB), with cholesterol-based lipid rafts in the intermicrovillous membrane invagination, serves as an ultrastructural barrier to prevent direct contact of luminal microbes with the cellular soma. Evidence in in vitro epithelial cell cultures and in vivo animal models of bowel obstruction and antibiotic-resistant bacterial infection had indicated that nonpathogenic, noninvasive enteric bacteria may hijack the lipid raft-mediated endocytic pathways. Our studies have shown that low dose interferon-gamma (IFNγ) causes long myosin light chain kinase (MLCK)-dependent terminal web (TW) contraction and BB fanning, allowing bacteria to pass through the consequently widened intermicrovillous cleft to be endocytosed via caveolin-associated lipid rafts. Activation of intracellular innate immune receptors by bacteria-containing endosomes may further induce inflammatory and oxidative stress, leading to secondary tight junction damage. The finding of bacterial internalization preceding tight junction damage suggests that abnormal bacterial uptake by epithelial cells may contribute to the initiation or relapse of chronic intestinal inflammation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.