Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26450593›Full record

ReviewThe Neuroscientist : a review journal bringing neurobiology, neurology and psychiatry2016

Epigenetic Basis of Mental Illness.

Eric J Nestler, Catherine J Peña, Marija Kundakovic, Amanda Mitchell, Schahram Akbarian

Open access · greenAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in The Neuroscientist : a review journal bringing neurobiology, neurology and psychiatry, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 172 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
172citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
13.1field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

172 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 324 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Investigating PeripheralBiomolecules · 2026
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. EpiBrain: the brain's epigenetic landscape in a snapshot.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Understanding Psychotic Depression.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026
    Review
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Review

112 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Eric J NestlerDepartments of Neuroscience and Psychiatry, The Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA eric.nestler@mssm.edu.
Catherine J PeñaDepartments of Neuroscience and Psychiatry, The Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
Marija KundakovicDepartments of Neuroscience and Psychiatry, The Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
Amanda MitchellDepartments of Neuroscience and Psychiatry, The Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
Schahram AkbarianDepartments of Neuroscience and Psychiatry, The Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
Allen Institute for Brain Science · USIcahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai · US

Funding

TRANSGENIC COREP01DA008227 · NIDA · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI NESTLER, ERIC J. · 1993 to 2018
$28.1M
REPRESSIVE HISTONE AND DNA METHYLATION IN RODENT DEPRESSION MODELSP50MH096890 · NIMH · ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI · PI ALLIS, CHARLES DAVID · 2012 to 2021
$20.2M
Molecular Studies of Cocaine Action in BrainR01DA007359 · NIDA · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI NESTLER, ERIC J. · 1991 to 2025
$5.6M
NIDA NIH HHS P01 DA008227NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA007359NIMH NIH HHS P50 MH096890
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Psychiatric disorders are complex multifactorial illnesses involving chronic alterations in neural circuit structure and function as well as likely abnormalities in glial cells. While genetic factors are important in the etiology of most mental disorders, the relatively high rates of discordance among identical twins, particularly for depression and other stress-related syndromes, clearly indicate the importance of additional mechanisms. Environmental factors such as stress are known to play a role in the onset of these illnesses. Exposure to such environmental insults induces stable changes in gene expression, neural circuit function, and ultimately behavior, and these maladaptations appear distinct between developmental versus adult exposures. Increasing evidence indicates that these sustained abnormalities are maintained by epigenetic modifications in specific brain regions. Indeed, transcriptional dysregulation and the aberrant epigenetic regulation that underlies this dysregulation is a unifying theme in psychiatric disorders. Here, we provide a progress report of epigenetic studies of the three major psychiatric syndromes, depression, schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder. We review the literature derived from animal models of these disorders as well as from studies of postmortem brain tissue from human patients. While epigenetic studies of mental illness remain at early stages, understanding how environmental factors recruit the epigenetic machinery within specific brain regions to cause lasting changes in disease susceptibility and pathophysiology is revealing new insight into the etiology and treatment of these conditions.

Indexed as

AnimalsBrainDNA MethylationEpigenesis, GeneticGene ExpressionHumansMicroRNAsSchizophreniaMicroRNAs3D chromatin structurebipolar disorderdepressionDNA methylationhistone acetylationhistone methylationmicroRNAschizophrenia

Identifiers

PMID26450593
PMCPMC4826318
OpenAlexW2340426429

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.