ReviewClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2015
Epidemiology and Genomics of Invasive Nontyphoidal Salmonella Infections in Kenya.
Review in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 54 papers.
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54 citing papers in PubMed, 71 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Malaria and typhoidal co-infection among febrile patients: a health facility-based cross-sectional study in Northern Ghana.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Serotypes and Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns of Invasive Non-Typhoidal Salmonella in Uganda.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2025Article
- Non-typhoidal Salmonella transmission reservoirs in Sub-Saharan Africa: a genomic assessment from a one health perspective.Antimicrobial resistance and infection control · 2025Article
- Genomic and Transcriptomic Comparison Between Invasive Non-TyphoidalMicroorganisms · 2024Article
- A Population-Based Study on the Incidence, Risk Factors, and Outcome of Salmonella Bloodstream Infections in South Sweden 2012-2022.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2024Article
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- Methods for Genomic Epidemiology of Bacterial Pathogens: Example Salmonella.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2024Article
- Prevalence ofVeterinary world · 2023Article
- A genomic appraisal of invasive Salmonella Typhimurium and associated antibiotic resistance in sub-Saharan Africa.Nature communications · 2023Review
- Enhancing capacity for national genomics surveillance of antimicrobial resistance in public health laboratories in Kenya.Microbial genomics · 2023Article
- NontyphoidalOpen forum infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Pyogenic sacroiliitis caused by Salmonella schwarzengrund in a young healthy woman: a case report and literature review.International journal of emergency medicine · 2023Article
- Seroprevalence of non-typhoidal Salmonella disease and associated factors in children in Mukuru settlement in Nairobi County, Kenya.PloS one · 2023Article
- Antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes of invasiveSAGE open medicine · 2023Article
- HIV and Mediterranean Zoonoses: A Review of the Literature.Infectious disease reports · 2022Review
- Antimicrobial susceptibility and genomic profiling ofIJID regions · 2022Article
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- Epidemiology ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- Antimicrobial Resistance in Endemic Enteric Infections in Kenya and the Region, and Efforts Toward Addressing the Challenges.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundIn Kenya, invasive nontyphoidal Salmonella (iNTS) disease causes severe bacteremic illness among adults with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and especially among children <5 years of age coinfected with HIV or malaria, or who are compromised by sickle cell disease or severe malnutrition. The incidence of iNTS disease in children ranges from 166 to 568 cases per 100,000 persons per year.
methodsWe review the epidemiology of iNTS disease and genomics of strains causing invasive illness in Kenya. We analyzed a total of 192 NTS isolates (114 Typhimurium, 78 Enteritidis) from blood and stools from pediatric admissions in 2005-2013. Testing for antimicrobial susceptibility to commonly used drugs and whole-genome sequencing were performed to assess prevalence and genetic relatedness of multidrug-resistant iNTS strains, respectively.
resultsA majority (88/114 [77%]) of Salmonella Typhimurium and 30% (24/79) of Salmonella Enteritidis isolates tested were found to be multidrug resistant, whereas a dominant Salmonella Typhimurium pathotype, ST313, was primarily associated with invasive disease and febrile illness. Analysis of the ST313 isolates has identified genome degradation, compared with the ST19 genotype that typically causes diarrhea in humans, especially in industrialized countries, adapting a more host-restricted lifestyle typical of Salmonella Typhi infections.
conclusionsFrom 2012, we have observed an emergence of ceftriaxone-resistant strains also showing reduced susceptibility to fluoroquinolones. As most cases present with nonspecific febrile illness with no laboratory-confirmed etiology, empiric treatment of iNTS disease is a major challenge in Kenya. Multidrug resistance, including to ceftriaxone, will pose further difficulty in management of iNTS disease in endemic areas.
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