Trial reportPloS one2015
Cost-Effectiveness of Financial Incentives to Promote Adherence to Depot Antipsychotic Medication: Economic Evaluation of a Cluster-Randomised Controlled Trial.
Trial report in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Can incentives improve antipsychotic adherence in major mental illness? A mixed-methods systematic review.BMJ open · 2022Pooled it
- Do financial incentives increase mental health treatment engagement? A meta-analysis.Journal of consulting and clinical psychology · 2022Pooled it
- Does Non-Adherence Increase Treatment Costs in Schizophrenia?PharmacoEconomics · 2018Pooled it
- Encouraging adherence in adolescents with asthma using financial incentives: An RCT.Pediatric pulmonology · 2023Trial
- Medical and social costs after using financial incentives to improve medication adherence: results of a 1 year randomised controlled trial.BMC research notes · 2018Trial
- Evaluating Financial Incentives as a Tool to Increase Medication Adherence for Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2025Article
- Economics and mental health: the current scenario.World psychiatry : official journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA) · 2020Article
- The Cost of Relapse in Schizophrenia.PharmacoEconomics · 2017Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundOffering a modest financial incentive to people with psychosis can promote adherence to depot antipsychotic medication, but the cost-effectiveness of this approach has not been examined.
methodsEconomic evaluation within a pragmatic cluster-randomised controlled trial. 141 patients under the care of 73 teams (clusters) were randomised to intervention or control; 138 patients with diagnoses of schizophrenia, schizo-affective disorder or bipolar disorder participated. Intervention participants received £15 per depot injection over 12 months, additional to usual acute, mental and community primary health services. The control group received usual health services. Main outcome measures: incremental cost per 20% increase in adherence to depot antipsychotic medication; incremental cost of 'good' adherence (defined as taking at least 95% of the prescribed number of depot medications over the intervention period).
findingsEconomic and outcome data for baseline and 12-month follow-up were available for 117 participants. The adjusted difference in adherence between groups was 12.2% (73.4% control vs. 85.6% intervention); the adjusted costs difference was £598 (95% CI -£4,533, £5,730). The extra cost per patient to increase adherence to depot medications by 20% was £982 (95% CI -£8,020, £14,000). The extra cost per patient of achieving 'good' adherence was £2,950 (CI -£19,400, £27,800). Probability of cost-effectiveness exceeded 97.5% at willingness-to-pay values of £14,000 for a 20% increase in adherence and £27,800 for good adherence.
interpretationOffering a modest financial incentive to people with psychosis is cost-effective in promoting adherence to depot antipsychotic medication. Direct healthcare costs (including costs of the financial incentive) are unlikely to be increased by this intervention.
trial registrationISRCTN.com 77769281.
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Registered trials
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