SynthesisMedicine2015
Safety and Efficacy of the Moderate Sedation During Flexible Bronchoscopic Procedure: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.
Synthesis in Medicine, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- Guidelines on analgosedation, monitoring, and recovery time for flexible bronchoscopy: a systematic review.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2021Pooled it
- Dexmedetomidine-ketamine combination versus fentanyl-midazolam for patient sedation during flexible bronchoscopy: a prospective, single-blind, randomized controlled trial.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2024Trial
- Dexmedetomidine plus sufentanil for pediatric flexible bronchoscopy: A retrospective clinical trial.Oncotarget · 2017Trial
- Assessment of Worldwide Bronchoscopy Practices and Training Methods: A WABIP Survey.Thoracic research and practice · 2025Article
- Comparative analysis of guidelines and recommendations for sedation during flexible bronchoscopy: a narrative review.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2025Review
- In-situ simulation-based team training reduces incidence of negative events during bronchoscopy. A prospective educational intervention cohort study.Respiratory research · 2025Article
- ECMO-assisted bronchoscopic therapy for severe tracheal stenosis: a case report and literature review.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2025Review
- Article
- Patient experience with bronchoscopy: topical versus monitored anesthesia.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2024Article
- Efficacy and safety of remimazolam in bronchoscopic sedation: A meta-analysis.World journal of clinical cases · 2024Article
- Article
- Article
- Article
- Inhibition of stress and spontaneous respiration: Efficacy and safety of monitored anesthesia care by target-controlled infusion remifentanil in combination with dexmedetomidine in fibreoptic bronchoscopy for patients with severe tracheal stenosis.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Article
- Bronchoscopy in intubated and non-intubated intensive care unit patients with respiratory failure.Journal of thoracic disease · 2021Review
- Risk Factors for Predicting Hypoxia in Adult Patients Undergoing Bronchoscopy under Sedation.Tuberculosis and respiratory diseases · 2020Article
- Serious Cardiovascular Adverse Events Reported with Intravenous Sedatives: A Retrospective Analysis of the MedWatch Adverse Event Reporting System.Drugs - real world outcomes · 2019Article
- Guidelines for diagnostic flexible bronchoscopy in adults: Joint Indian Chest Society/National College of chest physicians (I)/Indian association for bronchology recommendations.Lung India : official organ of Indian Chest Society · 2019Article
- Role of bronchoalveolar lavage in the management of immunocompromised patients with pulmonary infiltrates.Annals of translational medicine · 2019Review
- Use and Associated Spending for Anesthesiologist-Administered Services in Minor Hand Surgery.Plastic and reconstructive surgery · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Moderate sedatives have been increasingly used to improve patient comfort during flexible bronchoscopy (FB). However, routine use of moderate sedation during FB is controversial because its efficacy and safety are not well established. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of moderate sedation during FB. A search was made of Medline, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library to May 2014. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-RCTs were included. The main analysis was designed to examine the efficacy of moderate sedation during FB in sedation than no-sedation. The willingness to repeat FB was significantly more in sedation than no-sedation (odds ratio [OR] 2.30; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.11-4.73; P = 0.02; I2 = 22.5). The duration of FB was shorter in sedation group than no-sedation group (standardized mean difference [SMD] -0.21; 95% CI -0.38 to -0.03; P = 0.02; I2 = 78.3%). Event of hypoxia was not significantly different between sedation and no-sedation groups (OR 0.86; 95% CI 0.42-1.73; P = 0.67; I2 = 0%). The SpO2 during procedure was not different between sedation and no-sedation groups (SMD -0.14; 95% CI -0.37 to 0.08; P = 0.21; I2 = 49.9%). However, in subgroup analysis without supplemental oxygen, the SpO2 was significantly lower in sedation than no-sedation group (SMD -0.45; 95% CI -0.78 to -0.11; P = 0.01; I2 = 0.0%). According to this meta-analysis, moderate sedation in FB would be useful in patients who will require repeated bronchoscopies as well as safe in respiratory depression. To our knowledge, although the various sedative drugs are already used in the real field, this analysis was the first attempt to quantify objective results. We anticipate more definite and studies designed to elucidate standardized outcomes for moderate sedation in FB.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.