SynthesisPloS one2015
Stand-Alone Personalized Normative Feedback for College Student Drinkers: A Meta-Analytic Review, 2004 to 2014.
Synthesis in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 103 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
103 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Health-promotion interventions targeting multiple behaviors: A meta-analytic review of general and behavior-specific processes of change.Psychological bulletin · 2024Pooled it
- The efficacy of Personalized Normative Feedback interventions across addictions: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2021Pooled it
- A Systematic Umbrella Review on the Epidemiology of Modifiable Health Influencing Factors and on Health Promoting Interventions Among University Students.Frontiers in public health · 2020Pooled it
- Feasibility and Effects of Digital Interventions to Support People in Recovery From Substance Use Disorders: Systematic Review.Journal of medical Internet research · 2018Pooled it
- Personalised digital interventions for reducing hazardous and harmful alcohol consumption in community-dwelling populations.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2017Pooled it
- A Problem-Solving Therapy With Apple Watch Support for College Students With Alcohol Use Disorder Symptoms: Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.JMIR formative research · 2026Trial
- Incentives and delivery modality as moderators of a web-based personalized normative feedback intervention for heavy-drinking college students.Psychology of addictive behaviors : journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors · 2025Trial
- Pilot randomized controlled trial of a tailored personalized normative feedback intervention for college student alcohol use.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2025Trial
- Are online norms-based alcohol interventions efficacious for college students with higher social anxiety?Alcohol, clinical & experimental research · 2025Trial
- Efficacy of counter-attitudinal advocacy and personalized feedback for heavy-drinking college students.Journal of consulting and clinical psychology · 2025Trial
- A mobile-based pregaming drinking prevention intervention for college students: A pilot randomized controlled trial.Psychology of addictive behaviors : journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors · 2023Trial
- Personalized normative feedback for hazardous drinking among college women: Differential outcomes by history of incapacitated rape.Psychology of addictive behaviors : journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors · 2023Trial
- Repeated Assessment of Alcohol Use and Perceived Norms Among College Students Who Drink: Comparisons to a Minimal Assessment at 12-Month Follow-Up.Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs · 2022Trial
- The Moderating Effect of Educational Background on the Efficacy of a Computer-Based Brief Intervention Addressing the Full Spectrum of Alcohol Use: Randomized Controlled Trial.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2022Trial
- A Gamified Personalized Normative Feedback App to Reduce Drinking Among Sexual Minority Women: Randomized Controlled Trial and Feasibility Study.Journal of medical Internet research · 2022Trial
- Integrating social media inspired features into a personalized normative feedback intervention combats social media-based alcohol influence.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2021Trial
- Computer-delivered personalized feedback intervention for hazardous drinkers with elevated anxiety sensitivity: A pilot randomized controlled trial.Behaviour research and therapy · 2021Trial
- Correcting exaggerated drinking norms with a mobile message delivery system: Selective prevention with heavy-drinking first-year college students.Psychology of addictive behaviors : journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors · 2020Trial
- Influencing college students' normative perceptions of protective behavioral strategies: A pilot randomized trial.Addictive behaviors · 2020Trial
- Cognitive-Affective Change Mechanisms in Personalized Normative Feedback via the Articulated Thoughts in Simulated Situations Paradigm.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Trial
43 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundNorms clarification has been identified as an effective component of college student drinking interventions, prompting research on norms clarification as a single-component intervention known as Personalized Normative Feedback (PNF). Previous reviews have examined PNF in combination with other components but not as a stand-alone intervention.
objectivesTo investigate the degree to which computer-delivered stand-alone personalized normative feedback interventions reduce alcohol consumption and alcohol-related harms among college students and to compare gender-neutral and gender-specific PNF. DATA SOURCES: Electronic databases were searched systematically through November 2014. Reference lists were reviewed manually and forward and backward searches were conducted. SELECTION CRITERIA: Outcome studies that compared computer-delivered, stand-alone PNF intervention with an assessment only, attention-matched, or active treatment control and reported alcohol use and harms among college students.
methodsBetween-group effect sizes were calculated as the standardized mean difference in change scores between treatment and control groups divided by pooled standard deviation. Within-group effect sizes were calculated as the raw mean difference between baseline and follow-up divided by pooled within-groups standard deviation.
resultsEight studies (13 interventions) with a total of 2,050 participants were included. Compared to control participants, students who received gender-neutral (dbetween = 0.291, 95% CI [0.159, 0.423]) and gender-specific PNF (dbetween = 0.284, 95% CI [0.117, 0.451]) reported greater reductions in drinking from baseline to follow-up. Students who received gender-neutral PNF reported 3.027 (95% CI [2.171, 3.882]) fewer drinks per week at first follow-up and gender-specific PNF reported 3.089 (95% CI [0.992, 5.186]) fewer drinks. Intervention effects were small for harms (dbetween = 0.157, 95% CI [0.037, 0.278]).
conclusionsComputer-delivered PNF is an effective stand-alone approach for reducing college student drinking and has a small impact on alcohol-related harms. Effects are small but clinically relevant when considered from a public health perspective. Additional research is needed to examine computer-delivered, stand-alone PNF as a population-level prevention program.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.