Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26446948›Full record

ArticleClinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research2016

Nivolumab in Resected and Unresectable Metastatic Melanoma: Characteristics of Immune-Related Adverse Events and Association with Outcomes.

Morganna Freeman-Keller, Youngchul Kim, Heather Cronin, Allison Richards, Geoffrey Gibney, Jeffrey S Weber

Abstract readClinical Trial, Phase I
In one paragraph

Article in Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 448 papers, 12 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
448citing papers in PubMed, 12 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

448 citing papers in PubMed, 12 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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  4. Immune checkpoint inhibitor-related hearing loss: a systematic review and analysis of individual patient data.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2023
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  13. Trial
  14. Article
  15. Vitiligo-like depigmentation as an accessible readout of antitumour immunity in melanoma immunotherapy.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026
    Review
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  18. Observational
  19. Benefit of immune checkpoint inhibitors as adjuvant treatment for acral melanomas.Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV · 2026
    Article
  20. Review

388 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Morganna Freeman-KellerDepartment of Graduate Medical Education, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida. morganna.freemankeller@moffitt.org.
Youngchul KimDepartment of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida.
Heather CroninClinical Trials Office, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida.
Allison RichardsClinical Trials Office, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida.
Geoffrey GibneyDepartment of Cutaneous Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, DC.
Jeffrey S WeberDonald A. Adam Comprehensive Melanoma Research Center, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida.

Funding

TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCHP30CA076292 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH FLORIDA · PI Christine O'Connell · 1998 to 2026
$93.5M
Tissue, Pathology and BioinformaticsP50CA168536 · NCI · H. LEE MOFFITT CANCER CTR & RES INST · PI MULE, JAMES J. · 2013 to 2017
$8.5M
PD-1 Abrogation and Immunity in MelanomaR01CA129594 · NCI · H. LEE MOFFITT CANCER CTR & RES INST · PI WEBER, JEFFREY S · 2009 to 2013
$1.6M
PD-1 abrogation and immunity in melanomaR01FD003511 · FDA · H. LEE MOFFITT CANCER CTR & RES INST · PI WEBER, JEFFREY S · 2009 to 2012
$600k
FDA HHS R01 FD003511NCI NIH HHS NCI P30 CA076292NCI NIH HHS NCI RO1 CA129594NCI NIH HHS P30 CA076292NCI NIH HHS P50 CA168536NCI NIH HHS R01 CA129594PHS HHS FDA RO1 FD-003511
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeRetrospective analysis of irAEs in melanoma patients treated with nivolumab. EXPERIMENTAL

designData were pooled from 148 patients (33 resected, 115 unresectable) treated with nivolumab plus peptide vaccine or nivolumab alone every 2 weeks for 12 weeks. Patients with stable disease or regression received an additional 12-week cycle, then nivolumab alone every 12 weeks for up to 2 additional years. Frequency, grade, and characteristics of immune-related adverse events (irAE) were analyzed. A 12-week landmark survival analysis using a multivariate time-dependent Cox proportional hazard model assessed difference in overall survival (OS) in the presence or absence of irAEs.

resultsIrAEs of any grade were observed in 68.2% of patients (101 of 148). Grade III/IV irAEs were infrequent: 3 (2%) had grade III rash, 2 (1.35%) had asymptomatic grade III elevation in amylase/lipase, and 2 (1.35%) had grade III colitis. A statistically significant OS difference was noted among patients with any grade of irAE versus those without (P ≤ 0.001), and OS benefit was noted in patients who reported three or more irAE events (P ≤ 0.001). Subset analyses showed statistically significant OS differences with rash [P = 0.001; HR, 0.423; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.243-0.735] and vitiligo (P = 0.012; HR, 0.184; 95% CI, 0.036-0.94). Rash and vitiligo also correlated with statistically significant OS differences in patients with metastatic disease (P = 0.004 and P = 0.028, respectively). No significant survival differences were seen with other irAEs (endocrinopathies, colitis, or pneumonitis).

conclusionsCutaneous irAEs are associated with improved survival in melanoma patients treated with nivolumab, and clinical benefit should be validated in larger prospective analyses.

Indexed as

Antibodies, MonoclonalAntineoplastic AgentsExanthemaHumansHypothyroidismKaplan-Meier EstimateMelanomaMucositisMultivariate AnalysisNivolumabPneumoniaProportional Hazards ModelsSkin NeoplasmsTreatment OutcomeAntibodies, MonoclonalAntineoplastic AgentsNivolumab

Identifiers

PMID26446948
PMCPMC4755809

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.