ReviewCritical reviews in biochemistry and molecular biology2015
Demystifying the secret mission of enhancers: linking distal regulatory elements to target genes.
Review in Critical reviews in biochemistry and molecular biology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 55 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
55 citing papers in PubMed, 101 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Chromosomal inversions modulate 3D chromatin interactions and regulatory architecture inResearch square · 2026Article
- Predicting gene-specific regulation with transcriptomic and epigenetic single-cell data.Bioinformatics (Oxford, England) · 2026Article
- Mechanistic dissection of GRHL2 and PR transcriptional co-regulation in breast cells.PLoS genetics · 2026Article
- Identification of novel DNA sequence motifs that modulate transcription in T cells.BMC genomics · 2026Article
- From chromatin to proteostasis: multilevel gene regulation in Mendelian diseases.Frontiers in epigenetics and epigenomics · 2026Review
- Derepression of transposable elements in the mouse prefrontal cortex disrupts social behavior.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- DNA Methylation Concurrence, Independent of DNA Methylation Ratios, Is Associated with Chromatin Accessibility and 3D Genome Architecture.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- BmNPV interacts with super-enhancer regions of the host chromatin to hijack cellular transcription machinery.Nucleic acids research · 2025Article
- Type-2 diabetes epigenetic biomarkers: present status and future directions for global and Indigenous health.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2025Review
- Complete F9 Gene Deletion, Duplication, and Triplication Rearrangements: Implications for Factor IX Expression and Clinical Phenotypes.Thrombosis and haemostasis · 2024Article
- An encyclopedia of enhancer-gene regulatory interactions in the human genome.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- Toward a comprehensive catalog of regulatory elements.Human genetics · 2023Review
- Systematic mapping and modeling of 3D enhancer-promoter interactions in early mouse embryonic lineages reveal regulatory principles that determine the levels and cell-type specificity of gene expression.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- Computational methods for identifying enhancer-promoter interactions.Quantitative biology (Beijing, China) · 2023Review
- The adapted Activity-By-Contact model for enhancer-gene assignment and its application to single-cell data.Bioinformatics (Oxford, England) · 2023Article
- Molecular mechanisms underpinning quantitative resistance toFrontiers in plant science · 2023Article
- Aberrant promoter methylation contributes to LRIG1 silencing in basal/triple-negative breast cancer.British journal of cancer · 2022Article
- Integrative analysis of epigenetics data identifies gene-specific regulatory elements.Nucleic acids research · 2021Article
- Chromatin accessibility and regulatory vocabulary across indicine cattle tissues.Genome biology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Enhancers are short regulatory sequences bound by sequence-specific transcription factors and play a major role in the spatiotemporal specificity of gene expression patterns in development and disease. While it is now possible to identify enhancer regions genomewide in both cultured cells and primary tissues using epigenomic approaches, it has been more challenging to develop methods to understand the function of individual enhancers because enhancers are located far from the gene(s) that they regulate. However, it is essential to identify target genes of enhancers not only so that we can understand the role of enhancers in disease but also because this information will assist in the development of future therapeutic options. After reviewing models of enhancer function, we discuss recent methods for identifying target genes of enhancers. First, we describe chromatin structure-based approaches for directly mapping interactions between enhancers and promoters. Second, we describe the use of correlation-based approaches to link enhancer state with the activity of nearby promoters and/or gene expression. Third, we describe how to test the function of specific enhancers experimentally by perturbing enhancer-target relationships using high-throughput reporter assays and genome editing. Finally, we conclude by discussing as yet unanswered questions concerning how enhancers function, how target genes can be identified, and how to distinguish direct from indirect changes in gene expression mediated by individual enhancers.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.