ArticleSleep2016
Tube Law of the Pharyngeal Airway in Sleeping Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea.
Article in Sleep, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed.
- Lateral wall collapse from sleep endoscopy and airflow shape predicts hypoglossal nerve stimulation efficacy in obstructive sleep apnoea.The European respiratory journal · 2025Observational
- Lateral epiglottic collapse in obstructive sleep apnea is associated with laterally directed pharyngeal collapse.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2025Article
- A Programming Algorithm for Optimizing Hypoglossal Nerve Stimulator Respiratory Entrainment.The Laryngoscope · 2025Article
- Phenotypes of Velopharyngeal Tube Law in Obstructive Sleep Apnea.Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery · 2025Article
- The impact of obesity on upper airway anatomy as assessed by magnetic resonance imaging and obstructive sleep apnea endotypic traits.Frontiers in physiology · 2025Article
- Types of Epiglottic Collapse in Breathing Sleep Disorder and Their Impact in Clinical Practice.International archives of otorhinolaryngology · 2024Article
- Positive airway pressure delivery: overcoming old hurdles, exploring new frontiers.Frontiers in sleep · 2024Article
- Physiological Determinants of Snore Loudness.Annals of the American Thoracic Society · 2024Article
- Exploring the Intricate Links between Adenotonsillar Hypertrophy, Mouth Breathing, and Craniofacial Development in Children with Sleep-Disordered Breathing: Unraveling the Vicious Cycle.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Comparison of Pulmonary Functions After Induction of Stress Between Post-COVID and Healthy Adults.Cureus · 2023Article
- Buckling critical pressures in collapsible tubes relevant for biomedical flows.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Mandibular advancement reduces pharyngeal collapsibility by enlarging the airway rather than affecting velopharyngeal compliance.Physiological reports · 2023Article
- Mafa-dependent GABAergic activity promotes mouse neonatal apneas.Nature communications · 2022Article
- Graph-based rotational nonuniformity correction for localized compliance measurement in the human nasopharynx.Biomedical optics express · 2021Article
- Comparison of Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy and Natural Sleep Endoscopy in the Assessment of Upper Airway Pathophysiology During Sleep: Protocol and Study Design.Frontiers in neurology · 2021Article
- Improving Airways Patency and Ventilation Through Optimal Positive Pressure Identified by Noninvasive Mechanical Ventilation Titration in Mounier-Kuhn Syndrome: Protocol for an Interventional, Open-Label, Single-Arm Clinical Trial.JMIR research protocols · 2020Article
- Comparison of upper airway obstruction during zolpidem-induced sleep and propofol-induced sleep in patients with obstructive sleep apnea: a pilot study.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2020Article
- High-Resolution Pulse Oximetry and Titration of a Mandibular Advancement Device for Obstructive Sleep Apnea.Frontiers in neurology · 2019Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
STUDY
objectivesObstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is characterized by repetitive pharyngeal collapse during sleep. However, the dynamics of pharyngeal narrowing and re-expansion during flow-limited breathing are not well described. The static pharyngeal tube law (end-expiratory area versus luminal pressure) has demonstrated increasing pharyngeal compliance as luminal pressure decreases, indicating that the airway would be sucked closed with sufficient inspiratory effort. On the contrary, the airway is rarely sucked closed during inspiratory flow limitation, suggesting that the airway is getting stiffer. Therefore, we hypothesized that during inspiratory flow limitation, as opposed to static conditions, the pharynx becomes stiffer as luminal pressure decreases.
methodsUpper airway endoscopy and simultaneous measurements of airflow and epiglottic pressure were performed during natural nonrapid eye movement sleep. Continuous positive (or negative) airway pressure was used to induce flow limitation. Flow-limited breaths were selected for airway cross-sectional area measurements. Relative airway area was quantified as a percentage of end-expiratory area. Inspiratory airway radial compliance was calculated at each quintile of epiglottic pressure versus airway area plot (tube law).
resultsEighteen subjects (14 males) with OSA (apnea-hypopnea index = 57 ± 27 events/h), aged 49 ± 8 y, with a body mass index of 35 ± 6 kg/m(2) were studied. A total of 163 flow limited breaths were analyzed (9 ± 3 breaths per subject). Compliances at the fourth (2.0 ± 4.7 % area/cmH2O) and fifth (0.0 ± 1.7 % area/cmH2O) quintiles were significantly lower than the first (12.2 ± 5.5 % area/cmH2O) pressure quintile (P < 0.05).
conclusionsThe pharyngeal tube law is concave (airway gets stiffer as luminal pressure decreases) during respiratory cycles under inspiratory flow limitation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.