Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26445815›Full record

ArticleJournal of medical genetics2015

Characterising the spectrum of autosomal recessive hereditary hearing loss in Iran.

Christina M Sloan-Heggen, Mojgan Babanejad, Maryam Beheshtian, Allen C Simpson, Kevin T Booth, Fariba Ardalani, Kathy L Frees, Marzieh Mohseni, Reza Mozafari, Zohreh Mehrjoo and 18 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of medical genetics, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 72 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
72citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

72 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Article
  4. Appreciating diversity: a review of the Iranian genomic landscape.European journal of human genetics : EJHG · 2026
    Review
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  9. Genetics of prelingual isolated deafness and Usher syndrome in the Maghreb and Jordan: Harnessing the potential of homozygosity.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
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  12. IsMedComm · 2025
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12 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

28 authors.

Christina M Sloan-HeggenMolecular Otolaryngology & Renal Research Laboratories, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, USA Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.
Mojgan BabanejadGenetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Maryam BeheshtianGenetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Allen C SimpsonMolecular Otolaryngology & Renal Research Laboratories, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.
Kevin T BoothMolecular Otolaryngology & Renal Research Laboratories, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.
Fariba ArdalaniGenetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Kathy L FreesMolecular Otolaryngology & Renal Research Laboratories, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.
Marzieh MohseniGenetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Reza MozafariGenetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Zohreh MehrjooGenetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Leila JamaliGenetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Saeideh VaziriGenetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Tara AkhtarkhavariGenetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Niloofar BazazzadeganGenetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Nooshin NikzatGenetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Sanaz ArzhangiGenetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Farahnaz SabbaghGenetics Counseling Center, Kerman Welfare Institution, Kerman, Iran.
Hasan OtukeshDivision of Pediatric Nephrology, Hazrat-e-Ali Asghar Educational & Treatment Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Seyed Morteza SeifatiMeybod Genetics Research Center, Shahid Fiazbakhsh Rehabilitation Comprehensive Center, Welfare Organization, Yazd, Iran.
Hossein KhodaeiMeybod Genetics Research Center, Shahid Fiazbakhsh Rehabilitation Comprehensive Center, Welfare Organization, Yazd, Iran.
Maryam TaghdiriGenetic Counseling Center, Shiraz Welfare Institution, Shiraz, Iran.
Nicole C MeyerMolecular Otolaryngology & Renal Research Laboratories, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.
Ahmad DaneshiHead and Neck Surgery Department and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Mohammad FarhadiHead and Neck Surgery Department and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Kimia KahriziGenetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Richard J H SmithMolecular Otolaryngology & Renal Research Laboratories, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, USA Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, USA Interdepartmental PhD Program in Genetics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.
Hela AzaiezMolecular Otolaryngology & Renal Research Laboratories, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.
Hossein NajmabadiGenetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Funding

MEDICAL SCIENTIST TRAINING PROGRAMT32GM007337 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF IOWA · PI GEYER, PAMELA K., LENTZ, STEVEN R · 1985 to 2020
$15.9M
NONSYNDROMIC HEARING LOSS--A COLLABORATIVE STUDYR01DC002842 · NIDCD · UNIVERSITY OF IOWA · PI SMITH, RICHARD J.H. · 1996 to 2024
$12.7M
Optimizing Genetic Testing for Deafness for Clinical DiagnosticsR01DC012049 · NIDCD · UNIVERSITY OF IOWA · PI TERRY A BRAUN, Thomas L. Casavant · 2011 to 2026
$8.7M
AUTOSOMAL DOMINANT NONSYNDROMIC HEARING LOSSR01DC003544 · NIDCD · UNIVERSITY OF IOWA · PI SMITH, RICHARD J.H. · 1998 to 2017
$7.8M
NIDCD NIH HHS R01 DC002842NIDCD NIH HHS R01 DC003544NIDCD NIH HHS R01 DC012049NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM007337
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundCountries with culturally accepted consanguinity provide a unique resource for the study of rare recessively inherited genetic diseases. Although hereditary hearing loss (HHL) is not uncommon, it is genetically heterogeneous, with over 85 genes causally implicated in non-syndromic hearing loss (NSHL). This heterogeneity makes many gene-specific types of NSHL exceedingly rare. We sought to define the spectrum of autosomal recessive HHL in Iran by investigating both common and rarely diagnosed deafness-causing genes.

designUsing a custom targeted genomic enrichment (TGE) panel, we simultaneously interrogated all known genetic causes of NSHL in a cohort of 302 GJB2-negative Iranian families.

resultsWe established a genetic diagnosis for 67% of probands and their families, with over half of all diagnoses attributable to variants in five genes: SLC26A4, MYO15A, MYO7A, CDH23 and PCDH15. As a reflection of the power of consanguinity mapping, 26 genes were identified as causative for NSHL in the Iranian population for the first time. In total, 179 deafness-causing variants were identified in 40 genes in 201 probands, including 110 novel single nucleotide or small insertion-deletion variants and three novel CNV. Several variants represent founder mutations.

conclusionThis study attests to the power of TGE and massively parallel sequencing as a diagnostic tool for the evaluation of hearing loss in Iran, and expands on our understanding of the genetics of HHL in this country. Families negative for variants in the genes represented on this panel represent an excellent cohort for novel gene discovery.

Indexed as

Connexin 26ConnexinsConsanguinityFounder EffectGene FrequencyGenes, RecessiveGenetic Association StudiesGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseHearing LossHumansIranConnexin 26ConnexinsGJB2 protein, humanCopy-numberDiagnostics testsMolecular geneticsNeurosciences

Identifiers

PMID26445815
PMCPMC4733363

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.