ArticleBMC gastroenterology2015
Trends in upper gastrointestinal diagnosis over four decades in Lusaka, Zambia: a retrospective analysis of endoscopic findings.
Article in BMC gastroenterology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Indications and endoscopic findings of upper gastrointestinal diseases in Africa: A systematic review & meta-analysis.PloS one · 2025Pooled it
- Systematic Review of Cancer Research Output From Africa, With Zambia as an Example.JCO global oncology · 2021Pooled it
- Systematic review and meta-analysis of esophageal cancer in Africa: Epidemiology, risk factors, management and outcomes.World journal of gastroenterology · 2019Pooled it
- Exposure to biomass smoke as a risk factor for oesophageal and gastric cancer in low-income populations: A systematic review.Malawi medical journal : the journal of Medical Association of Malawi · 2017Pooled it
- Changing trends in upper gastrointestinal endoscopic findings in Ethiopia: A comparison of eighteen thousand exams across two periods.World journal of gastrointestinal endoscopy · 2025Article
- Spatial analysis and associated factors of underweight, overweight and obesity among non-pregnant women of reproductive age in Zambia.African health sciences · 2024Article
- Endoscopic diagnosis of gastric and oesophageal cancer in Lusaka, Zambia: a retrospective analysis.BMC gastroenterology · 2024Article
- Remote training and teleproctoring in gastrointestinal endoscopy for practicing surgeon in rural Uganda.Surgical endoscopy · 2023Article
- Analysis of the proportion of university teaching hospital gastric cancer data included in the Zambia national cancer registry.African health sciences · 2023Article
- Oesophageal cancer cases recorded in the Zambia National Cancer Registry: a cross-sectional study.The Pan African medical journal · 2023Review
- Serum antibodies to selectedMalawi medical journal : the journal of Medical Association of Malawi · 2022Article
- Endoscopic Findings in Patients With Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Ogun State, Nigeria.Cureus · 2022Article
- Risk Factors Associated With Early-Onset Esophageal Cancer in Tanzania.JCO global oncology · 2022Article
- Gastrointestinal endoscopy experience of surgical trainees throughout rural Africa.Surgical endoscopy · 2021Article
- Gastrointestinal endoscopy capacity in Eastern Africa.Endoscopy international open · 2021Article
- Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 overexpression in gastric and gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma in patients seen at the University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia.African health sciences · 2020Article
- The role of endoscopy after upper gastrointestinal bleeding in sub-Saharan Africa: A prospective observational cohort study.Malawi medical journal : the journal of Medical Association of Malawi · 2020Observational
- Biomass Smoke Exposure Is Associated With Gastric Cancer and Probably Mediated Via Oxidative Stress and DNA Damage: A Case-Control Study.JCO global oncology · 2020Article
- Systematic review with meta-analysis: age-related malignancy detection rates at upper gastrointestinal endoscopy.Therapeutic advances in gastroenterology · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
aimsThere a shortage of robust information about profiles of gastrointestinal disease in sub-Saharan Africa. The endoscopy unit of the University Teaching Hospital in Lusaka has been running without interruption since 1977 and this 38-year record is largely intact. We report an analysis of endoscopic findings over this period.
methodsWritten endoscopy records from 29th September 1977 to 16th December 2014 were recovered, computerised, coded by two experienced endoscopists and analysed. Temporal trends were analysed using tables, graphs, and unconditional logistic regression, with age, sex of patient, decade, and endoscopist as independent variables to adjust for inter-observer variation.
resultsSixteen thousand nine hundred fifty-three records were identified and analysed. Diagnosis of gastric ulcer rose by 22 %, and that of duodenal ulcer fell by 14 % per decade. Endoscopically diagnosed oesophageal cancer increased by 32 % per decade, but gastric cancer rose only in patients under 60 years of age (21 % per decade). Oesophageal varices were the commonest finding in patients presenting with haematemesis, increasing by 14 % per decade in that patient group. Two HIV-related diagnoses, oesophageal candidiasis and Kaposi's sarcoma, rose from almost zero to very high levels in the 1990s but fell substantially after 2005 when anti-retroviral therapy became widely available.
conclusionsThis useful dataset suggests that there are important trends in some endoscopic findings over four decades. These trends are not explained by inter-observer variation. Reasons for the divergent trends in incidence of peptic ulceration and apparent trends in diagnosis of upper gastrointestinal cancers merit further exploration.
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