Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26442214›Full record

ReviewFrontiers in oncology2015

Inhibition of Immune Checkpoints and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor as Combination Therapy for Metastatic Melanoma: An Overview of Rationale, Preclinical Evidence, and Initial Clinical Data.

Patrick A Ott, F Stephen Hodi, Elizabeth I Buchbinder

Registry-linked trialAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Frontiers in oncology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03694262 (An Open Label, Non-Randomized Multisite Phase II Trial Combining Bevacizumab, Atezolizumab and Rucaparib for the Treatment of Previously Treated Recurrent and Progressive Endometrial Carcinoma), which is not on this map. Cited by 134 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
134citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT03694262 phase2completednot on this mapstarted 2019, after this paper: background citation

An Open Label, Non-Randomized Multisite Phase II Trial Combining Bevacizumab, Atezolizumab and Rucaparib for the Treatment of Previously Treated Recurrent and Progressive Endometrial Carcinoma

TypeinterventionalSponsorMedical College of WisconsinRan2019 to 2026Enrolled30ConditionsEndometrial Cancer, Uterine CarcinosarcomaArmsRucaparib, Bevacizumab, Atezolizumab
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

134 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Trial
  4. Trial
  5. Trial
  6. Randomized Double-Blind Phase II Study of Regorafenib in Patients With Metastatic Osteosarcoma.Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · 2019
    Trial
  7. Trial
  8. Trial
  9. Review
  10. Review
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Lenvatinib enhances antitumor immunity of anti-PD-1 antibody.International journal of clinical oncology · 2025
    Review
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Review

74 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Patrick A OttDepartment of Medical Oncology, Melanoma Disease Center, Center for Immuno-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA , USA ; Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA , USA.
F Stephen HodiDepartment of Medical Oncology, Melanoma Disease Center, Center for Immuno-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA , USA ; Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA , USA.
Elizabeth I BuchbinderDepartment of Medical Oncology, Melanoma Disease Center, Center for Immuno-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA , USA ; Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA , USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The role of angiogenesis as a mediator of immune regulation in the tumor microenvironment has recently come into focus. Furthermore, emerging evidence indicates that immunotherapy can lead to immune-mediated vasculopathy in the tumor, suggesting that the tumor vasculature may be an important interface between the tumor-directed immune response and the cancer itself. The advent of immune checkpoint inhibition as an effective immunotherapeutic strategy for many cancers has led to a better understanding of this interface. While the inhibition of angiogenesis through targeting of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has been used successfully for the treatment of cancer for many years, the mechanisms of its anti-tumor activity remain poorly understood. Initial studies of the complex relationship between angiogenesis, VEGF signaling and the immune system suggest that the combination of immune checkpoint blockade with angiogenesis inhibition has potential. While the majority of this work has been performed in metastatic melanoma, immunotherapy is rapidly showing promise in a broad range of malignancies and efforts to enhance immunotherapy will broadly impact the future of oncology. Here, we review the preclinical rationale and clinical investigations of combined angiogenesis inhibition and immunotherapy/immune checkpoint inhibition as a potentially promising combinatorial approach for cancer treatment.

Indexed as

angiogenesis inhibitorsimmunotherapymelanomaPD-1:PD-1L blockadeVEGF

Identifiers

PMID26442214
PMCPMC4585112

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.