ReviewFrontiers in neurology2015
Therapeutic Hypothermia for Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy - Where to from Here?
Review in Frontiers in neurology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 101 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
101 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- RECOVER Guidelines: Newborn Resuscitation in Dogs and Cats. Clinical Guidelines.Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care (San Antonio, Tex. : 2001) · 2025Guideline
- RECOVER Guidelines: Newborn Resuscitation in Dogs and Cats. Evidence and Knowledge Gap Analysis With Treatment Recommendations.Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care (San Antonio, Tex. : 2001) · 2025Pooled it
- Effect of environmental enrichment on behavioral and morphological outcomes following neonatal hypoxia-ischemia in rodent models: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Molecular neurobiology · 2022Pooled it
- Stem Cell Therapy for Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy: A Systematic Review of Preclinical Studies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Pooled it
- A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Animal Studies Testing Intra-Arterial Chilled Infusates After Ischemic Stroke.Frontiers in neurology · 2020Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Combined treatment with mesenchymal stem cells and therapeutic hypothermia for neonatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy: a phase 1/2 randomized trial.Scientific reports · 2025Trial
- Association of High-Dose Erythropoietin With Circulating Biomarkers and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes Among Neonates With Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy: A Secondary Analysis of the HEAL Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2023Trial
- Serum copeptin and neuron specific enolase are markers of neonatal distress and long-term neurodevelopmental outcome.PloS one · 2017Trial
- Temporal and cell-specific changes to cellular iron sequestration and lipid peroxidation in a murine model of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury.Neurobiology of disease · 2026Article
- Maternal Inflammation Alters Nuclear and Mitochondrial DNA Methylation Patterns in Neonatal Brain Monocytes.Cells · 2026Article
- Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy in Newborns: Pathophysiology, Early Identification, and Management.Cureus · 2026Review
- Neuroserpin: A Potential Neuroprotective Agent in Mild Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischaemic Encephalopathy.Cells · 2025Article
- Article
- Low-frequency transcranial magnetic stimulation offers both immediate and delayed neuroprotection in neonatal hypoxia-ischemia model.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Time evolution of piglet cerebral blood volume after resuscitation from hypoxic-ischemic insult.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Slow rewarming after hypothermia does not ameliorate white matter injury after hypoxia-ischemia in near-term fetal sheep.Pediatric research · 2025Article
- Article
- Effect of early clinical management on metabolic acidemia in neonates with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2024Article
- Omega-3 fatty acid diglyceride emulsions as a novel injectable acute therapeutic in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury.Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie · 2024Article
41 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Hypoxia-ischemia before or around the time of birth occurs in approximately 2/1000 live births and is associated with a high risk of death or lifelong disability. Therapeutic hypothermia is now well established as standard treatment for infants with moderate to severe hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy but is only partially effective. There is compelling preclinical and clinical evidence that hypothermia is most protective when it is started as early as possible after hypoxia-ischemia. Further improvements in outcome from therapeutic hypothermia are very likely to arise from strategies to reduce the delay before starting treatment of affected infants. In this review, we examine evidence that current protocols are reasonably close to the optimal depth and duration of cooling, but that the optimal rate of rewarming after hypothermia is unclear. The potential for combination treatments to augment hypothermic neuroprotection has considerable promise, particularly with endogenous targets such as melatonin and erythropoietin, and noble gases such as xenon. We dissect the critical importance of preclinical studies using realistic delays in treatment and clinically relevant cooling protocols when examining combination treatment, and that for many strategies overlapping mechanisms of action can substantially attenuate any effects.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.