ReviewEuropean journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology2015
Clostridium difficile infection in patients with liver disease: a review.
Review in European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Liver Cirrhosis.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Membrane Vesicles of ToxigenicAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Review
- Comparative analysis and trends in liver transplant hospitalizations with Clostridium difficile infections: A 10-year national cross-sectional study.Transplant infectious disease : an official journal of the Transplantation Society · 2022Article
- Review
- The Risk ofMedicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2021Article
- Article
- Risk Factors Associated with RecurrentHealthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Incidence and Risk Factors of Recurrent Clostridioides difficile Infection in Patients With Cirrhosis.Clinical and translational gastroenterology · 2020Article
- IntestinalBioMed research international · 2020Article
- Identification and Analysis of Human Microbe-Disease Associations by Matrix Decomposition and Label Propagation.Frontiers in microbiology · 2019Article
- Syndecan-1: A Review on Its Role in Heart Failure and Chronic Liver Disease Patients' Assessment.Cardiology research and practice · 2019Review
- Low diversity gut microbiota dysbiosis: drivers, functional implications and recovery.Current opinion in microbiology · 2018Review
- Outcomes associated with Clostridium difficile infection in patients with chronic liver disease.Epidemiology and infection · 2018Observational
- Effects of infection on post-transplant outcomes: living versus deceased donor liver transplants.Clinical and experimental hepatology · 2018Article
- An outbreak of Clostridium difficile PCR ribotype 027 in Spain: risk factors for recurrence and a novel treatment strategy.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2017Observational
- Transplanting patients with active bacterial infection.Clinical liver disease · 2017Review
- DETECTION, RIBOTYPING AND ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE PROPERTIES OF CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE STRAINS ISOLATED FROM THE CASES OF DIARRHEA.Materia socio-medica · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Over the past two decades, there has been a dramatic worldwide increase in both the incidence and severity of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI). Paralleling the increased incidence of CDI in the general population, there has been increased interest in CDI among patients with liver disease, particularly in those with liver cirrhosis and post liver transplantation. MEDLINE and several other electronic databases from January 1995 to December 2014 were searched in order to identify potentially relevant literature. Patients with cirrhosis and liver transplant recipients are at high risk for the development CDI because of antibiotics and proton pump inhibitors use, frequent and prolonged hospitalization, immunosuppressant therapy, and multiple comorbidities. Enzyme immunoassay to detect C. difficile toxins A and B in stool remains the most widely used test for CDI diagnosis, although, more recently, polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based assays have become the preferred diagnostic test in many laboratories. Metronidazole and vancomycin, given orally, have proved to be effective in the treatment of CDI. Both cirrhotic patients and liver transplant recipients with CDI have longer length of hospital stay, increased mortality, and higher healthcare costs than those without CDI. A rapid diagnosis and adequate therapy of CDI are of paramount importance to improve liver disease patients' outcome. The aim of this review is to provide up-to-date information on the epidemiology, risk factors, pathogenesis, treatment, and outcomes in liver disease patients with CDI.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.