ArticlePLoS genetics2015
The Dynamic Genome and Transcriptome of the Human Fungal Pathogen Blastomyces and Close Relative Emmonsia.
Article in PLoS genetics, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 48 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
48 citing papers in PubMed.
- The dynamics of transposable element content in the genome of the human pathogen Histoplasma.Fungal genetics and biology : FG & B · 2026Article
- Role of Blastomyces BAD-1 IgG Enzyme Immunoassay (EIA) for the diagnosis of blastomycosis in persons residing in an endemic area.Medical mycology · 2026Article
- Current perspectives of host-pathogen dynamics in coccidioidomycosis.Current opinion in microbiology · 2026Review
- Rapid gain and loss of a chromosome drives key morphology and virulence phenotypes in the fungal pathogen Histoplasma.PLoS biology · 2026Article
- Telomeric assemblies ofbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Genomic epidemiology ofmBio · 2025Article
- Comparative genome analysis and the genome-shaping role of long terminal repeat retrotransposons in the evolutionary divergence of fungal pathogens Blastomyces dermatitidis and Blastomyces gilchristii.G3 (Bethesda, Md.) · 2024Article
- Admixture in the fungal pathogen Blastomyces.Genetics · 2024Article
- Genotypic diversity, virulence, and molecular genetic tools inMicrobiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2024Review
- Common virulence factors betweenCurrent research in microbial sciences · 2024Review
- Genetic Diversity of Human Fungal Pathogens.Current clinical microbiology reports · 2023Article
- Article
- Clinical Manifestations and Outcomes in Immunocompetent and Immunocompromised Patients With Blastomycosis.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2021Article
- Analysis and modeling ofApplied and environmental microbiology · 2021Article
- An Overview of Genomics, Phylogenomics and Proteomics Approaches in Ascomycota.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Zinc at the Host-Fungus Interface: How to Uptake the Metal?Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Advances in Molecular Tools and In Vivo Models for the Study of Human Fungal Pathogenesis.Microorganisms · 2020Review
- Human Blastomycosis in South Africa Caused byJournal of clinical microbiology · 2020Article
- Turning on virulence: Mechanisms that underpin the morphologic transition and pathogenicity ofVirulence · 2019Review
- Fantastic yeasts and where to find them: the hidden diversity of dimorphic fungal pathogens.Current opinion in microbiology · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
26 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Three closely related thermally dimorphic pathogens are causal agents of major fungal diseases affecting humans in the Americas: blastomycosis, histoplasmosis and paracoccidioidomycosis. Here we report the genome sequence and analysis of four strains of the etiological agent of blastomycosis, Blastomyces, and two species of the related genus Emmonsia, typically pathogens of small mammals. Compared to related species, Blastomyces genomes are highly expanded, with long, often sharply demarcated tracts of low GC-content sequence. These GC-poor isochore-like regions are enriched for gypsy elements, are variable in total size between isolates, and are least expanded in the avirulent B. dermatitidis strain ER-3 as compared with the virulent B. gilchristii strain SLH14081. The lack of similar regions in related species suggests these isochore-like regions originated recently in the ancestor of the Blastomyces lineage. While gene content is highly conserved between Blastomyces and related fungi, we identified changes in copy number of genes potentially involved in host interaction, including proteases and characterized antigens. In addition, we studied gene expression changes of B. dermatitidis during the interaction of the infectious yeast form with macrophages and in a mouse model. Both experiments highlight a strong antioxidant defense response in Blastomyces, and upregulation of dioxygenases in vivo suggests that dioxide produced by antioxidants may be further utilized for amino acid metabolism. We identify a number of functional categories upregulated exclusively in vivo, such as secreted proteins, zinc acquisition proteins, and cysteine and tryptophan metabolism, which may include critical virulence factors missed before in in vitro studies. Across the dimorphic fungi, loss of certain zinc acquisition genes and differences in amino acid metabolism suggest unique adaptations of Blastomyces to its host environment. These results reveal the dynamics of genome evolution and of factors contributing to virulence in Blastomyces.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.