ArticleInfection and immunity2015
Brucella canis is an intracellular pathogen that induces a lower proinflammatory response than smooth zoonotic counterparts.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- 2000-2025: A Quarter of a Century of Studies on Pet Ownership in the Amazon-Epidemiological Implications for Public Health.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Pooled it
- Review
- Pathogenicity ofTropical medicine and infectious disease · 2026Article
- One Health approach for Brucella canis: Serological and molecular detection in animal-hoarding individuals and their dogs.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2024Article
- Evaluation of Three Serological Tests for Diagnosis of Canine Brucellosis.Microorganisms · 2023Article
- Cell and Tissue Tropism of Brucella spp.Infection and immunity · 2023Review
- Primary and memory immune responses against roughFrontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Seroprevalence of Brucella canis in canines from a dog shelter in Bogotá, ColombiaBiomedica : revista del Instituto Nacional de Salud · 2021Article
- Uncovering the Hidden Credentials ofMicrobiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2021Review
- Review
- Canine Brucellosis: An Update.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2021Review
- Identification of Dendritic Cell Maturation, TLR, and TREM1 Signaling Pathways in theFrontiers in veterinary science · 2021Article
- Deletion of the Transcriptional Regulator MucR inFrontiers in veterinary science · 2021Article
- When the Going Gets Rough: The Significance ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2021Review
- A Sinorhizobium meliloti and Agrobacterium tumefaciens ExoR ortholog is not crucial for Brucella abortus virulence.PloS one · 2021Article
- The Role of Neutrophils in Brucellosis.Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2020Review
- Brucella ovis mutant in ABC transporter protects against Brucella canis infection in mice and it is safe for dogs.PloS one · 2020Article
- The Three Flagellar Loci ofFrontiers in veterinary science · 2020Article
- Characterization of Brucella canis infection in mice.PloS one · 2019Article
- Depletion of Complement Enhances the Clearance of Brucella abortus in Mice.Infection and immunity · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Canine brucellosis caused by Brucella canis is a disease of dogs and a zoonotic risk. B. canis harbors most of the virulence determinants defined for the genus, but its pathogenic strategy remains unclear since it has not been demonstrated that this natural rough bacterium is an intracellular pathogen. Studies of B. canis outbreaks in kennel facilities indicated that infected dogs displaying clinical signs did not present hematological alterations. A virulent B. canis strain isolated from those outbreaks readily replicated in different organs of mice for a protracted period. However, the levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and IL-12 in serum were close to background levels. Furthermore, B. canis induced lower levels of gamma interferon, less inflammation of the spleen, and a reduced number of granulomas in the liver in mice than did B. abortus. When the interaction of B. canis with cells was studied ex vivo, two patterns were observed, a predominant scattered cell-associated pattern of nonviable bacteria and an infrequent intracellular replicative pattern of viable bacteria in a perinuclear location. The second pattern, responsible for the increase in intracellular multiplication, was dependent on the type IV secretion system VirB and was seen only if the inoculum used for cell infections was in early exponential phase. Intracellular replicative B. canis followed an intracellular trafficking route undistinguishable from that of B. abortus. Although B. canis induces a lower proinflammatory response and has a stealthier replication cycle, it still displays the pathogenic properties of the genus and the ability to persist in infected organs based on the ability to multiply intracellularly.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.