Trial reportNicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco2016
Comparison of the Pharmacokinetics of Nicotine Following Single and Ad Libitum Use of a Tobacco Heating System or Combustible Cigarettes.
Trial report in Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01780688 (A Single-center, Open-label, Randomized, Controlled, Crossover Study to Explore the Nicotine Pharmacokinetic Profile and Safety of Tobacco Heating System), which is not on this map. Cited by 29 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Single-center, Open-label, Randomized, Controlled, Crossover Study to Explore the Nicotine Pharmacokinetic Profile and Safety of Tobacco Heating System (THS) 2.1 Compared to Conventional Cigarettes Following Single and ad Libitum Use in Smoking, But Otherwise Healthy Subjects.
Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Impact of heated tobacco products on biomarkers of potential harm and adverse events: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Tobacco control · 2026Pooled it
- Critical appraisal of interventional clinical trials assessing heated tobacco products: a systematic review.Tobacco control · 2024Pooled it
- Heat-not-burn tobacco products: a systematic literature review.Tobacco control · 2019Pooled it
- Assessment of Abuse Liability and Nicotine Pharmacokinetics of glo Heated Tobacco Products in a Randomized, Crossover Study.European journal of drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics · 2024Trial
- An assessment of nicotine pharmacokinetics and subjective effects of the pulze heated tobacco system compared with cigarettes.Scientific reports · 2023Trial
- Nicotine pharmacokinetics and subjective responses after using nicotine pouches with different nicotine levels compared to combustible cigarettes and moist smokeless tobacco in adult tobacco users.Psychopharmacology · 2022Trial
- An abuse liability assessment of the glo tobacco heating product in comparison to combustible cigarettes and nicotine replacement therapy.Scientific reports · 2022Trial
- A randomised study to assess the nicotine pharmacokinetics of an oral nicotine pouch and two nicotine replacement therapy products.Scientific reports · 2022Trial
- IQOSInternational journal of environmental research and public health · 2018Trial
- Effects of Switching to the Tobacco Heating System 2.2 Menthol, Smoking Abstinence, or Continued Cigarette Smoking on Biomarkers of Exposure: A Randomized, Controlled, Open-Label, Multicenter Study in Sequential Confinement and Ambulatory Settings (Part 1).Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2018Trial
- A randomised, controlled, two-Centre open-label study in healthy Japanese subjects to evaluate the effect on biomarkers of exposure of switching from a conventional cigarette to a tobacco heating product.BMC public health · 2017Trial
- Is it about substituting an addiction with another? development and initial psychometric properties of the first heated tobacco products addiction questionnaire (HeaTPAQ).Addiction science & clinical practice · 2025Article
- Assessment of heated herbal products' tobacco harm reduction potential: pre-clinical and clinical studies.Frontiers in toxicology · 2025Article
- Article
- Prenatal Nicotine Exposure Raises Male Blood Pressure via FTO-Mediated NOX2/ROS Signaling.Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2024Article
- A scoping review of the toxicity and health impact of IQOS.Tobacco induced diseases · 2024Article
- Use of quantitativeFrontiers in toxicology · 2024Article
- Article
- Usage Pattern and Nicotine Delivery during Ad Libitum Consumption of Pod E-Cigarettes and Heated Tobacco Products.Toxics · 2023Article
- A comprehensive physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model for nicotine in humans from using nicotine-containing products with different routes of exposure.Scientific reports · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionWe aimed to compare the pharmacokinetics of nicotine between the heat-not-burn Tobacco Heating System 2.1 (THS 2.1) and combustible cigarettes (CCs). We also examined whether the subjective urge to smoke was associated with the pharmacokinetics of nicotine.
methodsThis open-label, randomized, two-period, two-sequence crossover study conducted in 28 healthy smokers assessed the pharmacokinetics of nicotine after single and ad libitum use of the THS 2.1 or CCs. During the 7-day confinement period, blood samples were drawn for pharmacokinetic analysis. Subjective effects related to THS 2.1 or CC use were assessed using the Questionnaire of Smoking Urges (QSU-Brief).
resultsThe nicotine delivery rate was similar with the THS 2.1 and CCs after single and ad libitum use. The time to the maximum nicotine concentration was 8 minutes after single use of the THS 2.1 and CCs. The time to the peak concentration following ad libitum use was similar between the THS 2.1 and CCs. The maximum plasma nicotine concentration after single use of the THS 2.1 was 8.4 ng/mL, 70.3% of that obtained with CCs. A transient reduction from baseline in the urge to smoke of 40% was observed 15 minutes after the single use of both the THS 2.1 and CCs. The mean QSU-Brief total scores following single and ad libitum use were similar for the THS 2.1 and CCs.
conclusionsThese results suggest that the THS 2.1 effectively delivers nicotine and achieves similar pharmacokinetic profiles to CCs. The THS 2.1 also reduced the urge to smoke similarly to CCs. IMPLICATIONS: Reducing exposure to toxicants and safer delivery of nicotine are among the strategies that may reduce the harm of smoking-related diseases. In the present study, we investigated the pharmacokinetics of nicotine and their effects on the urge to smoke using the THS 2.1. It was developed to replicate the ritual of smoking as closely as possible by providing nicotine in a way that mimics CC smoking, but limits pyrolysis and combustion by heating tobacco at a much lower temperature than CCs (heat-not-burn).
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