ArticleEuropean journal of nutrition2017
Intake and sources of gluten in 20- to 75-year-old Danish adults: a national dietary survey.
Article in European journal of nutrition, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Low-Gluten Diet Reduces the Abundance of Potentially Beneficial Bacteria in Healthy Adult Gut Microbiota.Nutrients · 2025Trial
- Randomised controlled trial: effects of gluten-free diet on symptoms and the gut microenvironment in irritable bowel syndrome.Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics · 2022Trial
- The effect of gluten in adolescents and young adults with gastrointestinal symptoms: a blinded randomised cross-over trial.Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics · 2022Trial
- Serum cytokines elevated during gluten-mediated cytokine release in coeliac disease.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2020Trial
- A low-gluten diet induces changes in the intestinal microbiome of healthy Danish adults.Nature communications · 2018Trial
- Trial
- Gluten intake and its possible relationship with pain, skin symptoms, and mental health in the Spanish population: an observational study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Daily gluten consumption of pediatric first-degree relatives of coeliac patients, is it so low that we miss diagnoses?European journal of pediatrics · 2025Article
- Thin-Plate Superstructures of the Immunogenic 33-mer Gliadin Peptide.Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology · 2022Article
- Review article: Follow-up of coeliac disease.Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics · 2022Review
- [Transglutaminase 2 inhibitor for treatment of celiac disease].Der Internist · 2021Article
- Celiac Disease: Fallacies and Facts.The American journal of gastroenterology · 2021Review
- Gluten intake and metabolic health: conflicting findings from the UK Biobank.European journal of nutrition · 2021Article
- Gluten Intake and Risk of Celiac Disease: Long-Term Follow-up of an At-Risk Birth Cohort.The American journal of gastroenterology · 2019Article
- Gluten Intake and Risk of Islet Autoimmunity and Progression to Type 1 Diabetes in Children at Increased Risk of the Disease: The Diabetes Autoimmunity Study in the Young (DAISY).Diabetes care · 2019Article
- Gluten intake and risk of type 2 diabetes in three large prospective cohort studies of US men and women.Diabetologia · 2018Article
- Association between maternal gluten intake and type 1 diabetes in offspring: national prospective cohort study in Denmark.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeCeliac disease, an immunological response triggered by gluten, affects ~1 % of the Western population. Information concerning gluten intake in the general population is scarce. We determined intake of gluten from wheat, barley, rye and oat in the Danish National Survey of Diet and Physical Activity 2005-2008. The study population comprised a random cross-sectional sample of 1494 adults 20-75 years, selected from the Danish Civil Registration System.
methodsProtein content in wheat, rye, barley and oat was determined from the National Danish Food Composition Table and multiplied with the amount of cereal used in recipes. Amount of gluten was calculated as amount of cereal protein ×0.80 for wheat and oat, ×0.65 for rye and ×0.50 for barley. Dietary intake was recorded daily during seven consecutive days in pre-coded food diaries with open-answer possibilities.
resultsMean total gluten intake was 10.4 ± 4.4 g/day (10th-90th percentiles; 5.4-16.2 g/day), in men 12.0 ± 4.6 g/day and 9.0 ± 3.4 g/day in women. It was higher among men than among women in all age groups (20-75 years; P < 0.0001); however, this difference was eliminated when adjusting for energy intake. Intake of different gluten sources tended to be higher in men than in women with the exception of gluten from barley. Total gluten intake decreased with increasing age (P < 0.0001) as did gluten intake from wheat (P < 0.0001), whereas intake of gluten from rye (P < 0.0001) and barley (P = 0.001) increased with increasing age, also when adjusted for energy intake or body weight.
conclusionThis study presents representative population-based data on gluten intake in Danish adults. Total gluten intake decreased with increasing age.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.