Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26435669›Full record

ArticlePaediatrics & child health

Risk factors, practice variation and hematological outcomes of children identified with non-anemic iron deficiency following screening in primary care setting.

Kawsari Abdullah, Kevin E Thorpe, Jonathon L Maguire, Catherine S Birken, Darcy Fehlings, Anthony J Hanley, Patricia C Parkin

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Paediatrics & child health. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
0.8field-weighted citation impact, top 25% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. 2024 edition of the Rourke Baby Record.Canadian family physician Medecin de famille canadien · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Kawsari AbdullahPediatrics Outcomes Research Team, Division of Pediatric Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario ; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario.
Kevin E ThorpeLi Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario ; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario.
Jonathon L MaguirePediatrics Outcomes Research Team, Division of Pediatric Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario ; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario ; Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario ; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario ; Department of Pediatrics, St Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario ; Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario.
Catherine S BirkenPediatrics Outcomes Research Team, Division of Pediatric Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario ; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario ; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario ; Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario ; Child Health Evaluative Sciences, Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario.
Darcy FehlingsInstitute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario ; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario ; Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario ; Division of Developmental Pediatrics, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital and Bloorview Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario.
Anthony J HanleyDalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario ; Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario ; Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario.
Patricia C ParkinPediatrics Outcomes Research Team, Division of Pediatric Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario ; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario ; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario ; Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario ; Child Health Evaluative Sciences, Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario.
University of Toronto · CAInstitute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences · CA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesTo determine the prevalence, risk factors, physician practice patterns and longitudinal hematological outcome of children following screening for non-anemic iron deficiency (NAID).

methodsThe present analysis was a longitudinal cohort study invovling healthy children one to five years of age. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the prevalence, risk factors, practice patterns and hematological outcome of children identified with NAID. The association between NAID and potential risk factors were examined using multivariate logistic regression analysis.

resultsOf 2276 children undergoing screening, 155 had NAID, corresponding to a prevalence of 7% (95% CI 5.95% to 8.05%). Risk factors significantly associated with NAID included: younger age (OR 1.08 [95% CI 1.06 to 1.11]), higher body mass index z-score (OR 1.22 [95% CI 1.01 to 1.48]), longer duration of breastfeeding (OR 1.05 [95% CI 1.01 to 1.08]) and increased volume of cow's milk intake (OR 1.13 [95% CI 1.01 to 1.26]). An assessment of practice patterns revealed that for 37% of children, an intervention for NAID was documented; and for 8.4% a physician-ordered follow-up laboratory test was completed to re-evaluate iron status. A total of 58 (37%) children underwent a follow-up laboratory test, of whom 38 (65.5%) had resolution of NAID, 15 (25.9%) had persistence of NAID and two (3.4%) had progression of NAID to anemia.

conclusionNAID is common in early childhood and is associated with modifiable risk factors. Substantial practice variation exists in the management of NAID. Further research is necessary to understand the benefits of screening for NAID and evidence-informed practice guidelines may reduce practice variation in the management of NAID in early childhood.

Indexed as

HemoglobinNon-anemic iron deficiencyPreschool childrenScreeningSerum ferritin

Identifiers

PMID26435669
PMCPMC4578469
OpenAlexW2109814077

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.