Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26433227›Full record

ArticleNucleic acids research2015

A cytoplasmic pathway for gapmer antisense oligonucleotide-mediated gene silencing in mammalian cells.

Daniela Castanotto, Min Lin, Claudia Kowolik, LiAnn Wang, Xiao-Qin Ren, Harris S Soifer, Troels Koch, Bo Rode Hansen, Henrik Oerum, Brian Armstrong and 4 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nucleic acids research, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 53 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
53citing papers in PubMed
4.2field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

53 citing papers in PubMed, 79 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Genetic therapies for neurological diseases.Pharmacological reviews · 2026
    Review
  3. Chemical Modifications in Nucleic Acid Therapeutics.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2025
    Review
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  17. Thiol-Mediated Uptake.JACS Au · 2021
    Review
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.

Daniela CastanottoDepartment of Medical Oncology, City of Hope, 1500 East Duarte Road, Duarte CA 91010, USA cstein@coh.org.
Min LinDepartment of Cancer Immunotherapeutics and Tumor Immunology, City of Hope, 1500 East Duarte Road, Duarte CA 91010, USA.
Claudia KowolikDepartment of Molecular Medicine, City of Hope, 1500 East Duarte Road, Duarte CA 91010, USA.
LiAnn WangPfizer Research Technology Center, 620 Memorial Drive, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
Xiao-Qin RenPfizer Research Technology Center, 620 Memorial Drive, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
Harris S SoiferbioTheranostics, 9640 Towne Center Dr., Suite 100, San Diego, CA 92121, USA.
Troels KochRoche, Fremtidsvej 3, Horsholm, DK 2970, Denmark.
Bo Rode HansenRoche, Fremtidsvej 3, Horsholm, DK 2970, Denmark.
Henrik OerumRoche, Fremtidsvej 3, Horsholm, DK 2970, Denmark.
Brian ArmstrongDepartment of Neuroscience, City of Hope, 1500 East Duarte Road, Duarte CA 91010, USA.
Zhigang WangPfizer Research Technology Center, 620 Memorial Drive, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
Paul BauerPfizer Research Technology Center, 620 Memorial Drive, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
John RossiDepartment of Molecular and Cellular Biology, City of Hope, 1500 East Duarte Road, Duarte CA 91010, USA.
C A SteinDepartment of Medical Oncology, City of Hope, 1500 East Duarte Road, Duarte CA 91010, USA dcastanotto@coh.org.
City of Hope · USPfizer (United States) · USRoche (Denmark) · DKCity Of Hope National Medical Center · US

Funding

Transgenic Mouse FacilityP30CA033572 · NCI · CITY OF HOPE/BECKMAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE · PI STANLEY R. HAMILTON · 1985 to 2026
$86.3M
NCI NIH HHS P30CA33572
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) are known to trigger mRNA degradation in the nucleus via an RNase H-dependent mechanism. We have now identified a putative cytoplasmic mechanism through which ASO gapmers silence their targets when transfected or delivered gymnotically (i.e. in the absence of any transfection reagent). We have shown that the ASO gapmers can interact with the Ago-2 PAZ domain and can localize into GW-182 mRNA-degradation bodies (GW-bodies). The degradation products of the targeted mRNA, however, are not generated by Ago-2-directed cleavage. The apparent identification of a cytoplasmic pathway complements the previously known nuclear activity of ASOs and concurrently suggests that nuclear localization is not an absolute requirement for gene silencing.

Indexed as

Gene SilencingOligonucleotides, AntisenseArgonaute ProteinsCell LineCytoplasmGene Transfer TechniquesRNA, MessengerRNA, Small InterferingTransfectionArgonaute ProteinsOligonucleotides, AntisenseRNA, MessengerRNA, Small Interfering

Identifiers

PMID26433227
PMCPMC4627093
OpenAlexW2173606850

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.