ArticlePloS one2015
Multi-Parametric Evaluation of Chronic Kidney Disease by MRI: A Preliminary Cross-Sectional Study.
Article in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 71 citations in OpenAlex.
- Functional magnetic resonance imaging for staging chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.International urology and nephrology · 2024Pooled it
- Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging to assess diffuse renal pathology: a systematic review and statement paper.Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association · 2018Pooled it
- Renal blood oxygenation level-dependent magnetic resonance imaging to measure renal tissue oxygenation: a statement paper and systematic review.Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association · 2018Pooled it
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- Magnetic resonance imaging of renal oxygenation.Nature reviews. Nephrology · 2025Review
- Evaluation of multiparametric MRI and clinical indicators for renal fibrosis in chronic kidney disease.Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery · 2025Article
- Multiparametric MRI: can we assess renal function differently?Clinical kidney journal · 2025Review
- Evaluation of renal oxygenation and perfusion in patients with chronic kidney disease: a preliminary prospective study based on functional magnetic resonance.Renal failure · 2024Article
- MRI of kidney size matters.Magma (New York, N.Y.) · 2024Review
- Three-dimensional convolutional neural network-based classification of chronic kidney disease severity using kidney MRI.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Insulin Secretion, Sensitivity, and Kidney Function in Young Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes.Diabetes care · 2024Article
- Renal MRI: From Nephron to NMR Signal.Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI · 2023Review
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Clinical Trials of Diabetic Kidney Disease.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Kidneys: Effects of Regional, Side, and Hydration Variations on Functional Quantifications.Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI · 2023Article
- mDIXON-Quant for differentiation of renal damage degree in patients with chronic kidney disease.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
- Kidney oxygenation, perfusion and blood flow in people with and without type 1 diabetes.Clinical kidney journal · 2022Article
- The utility of texture analysis of kidney MRI for evaluating renal dysfunction with multiclass classification model.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Current Use and Complementary Value of CombiningFrontiers in pharmacology · 2022Review
- Perspectives on the Role of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) for Noninvasive Evaluation of Diabetic Kidney Disease.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe current clinical classification of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is not perfect and may be overestimating both the prevalence and the risk for progressive disease. Novel markers are being sought to identify those at risk of progression. This preliminary study evaluates the feasibility of magnetic resonance imaging based markers to identify early changes in CKD.
methodsFifty-nine subjects (22 healthy, 7 anemics with no renal disease, 30 subjects with CKD) participated. Data using 3D volume imaging, blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) and Diffusion MRI was acquired. BOLD MRI acquisition was repeated after 20 mg of iv furosemide.
resultsCompared to healthy subjects, those with CKD have lower renal parenchymal volumes (329.6±66.4 vs. 257.1±87.0 ml, p<0.005), higher cortical R2* values (19.7±3.2 vs. 23.2±6.3 s(-1), p = 0.013) (suggesting higher levels of hypoxia) and lower response to furosemide on medullary R2* (6.9±3.3 vs. 3.1±7.5 s(-1), p = 0.02). All three parameters showed significant correlation with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). When the groups were matched for age and sex, cortical R2* and kidney volume still showed significant differences between CKD and healthy controls. The most interesting observation is that a small number of subjects (8 of 29) contributed to the increase in mean value observed in CKD. The difference in cortical R2* between these subjects compared to the rest were highly significant and had a large effect size (Cohen's d = 3.5). While highly suggestive, future studies may be necessary to verify if such higher levels of hypoxia are indicative of progressive disease. Diffusion MRI showed no differences between CKD and healthy controls.
conclusionsThese data demonstrate that BOLD MRI can be used to identify enhanced hypoxia associated with CKD and the preliminary observations are consistent with the chronic hypoxia model for disease progression in CKD. Longitudinal studies are warranted to further verify these findings and assess their predictive value.
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