ReviewAmerican journal of obstetrics and gynecology2015
Trophoblast-microbiome interaction: a new paradigm on immune regulation.
Review in American journal of obstetrics and gynecology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
46 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 94 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Associations of Genital Mycoplasmas with Female Infertility and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) · 2021Pooled it
- Cervical pessary to prevent preterm birth in asymptomatic high-risk women: a systematic review and meta-analysis.American journal of obstetrics and gynecology · 2020Pooled it
- Maternal-to-neonatal microbial transmission and impact of prenatal probiotics on neonatal gut development.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Trial
- Heterogeneity in inflammatory responses to endotoxin at the fetomaternal interface.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2026Article
- Prenatal Exposure to Bacterial Extracellular Vesicles Influences Fetal Gut Immunity and Immune Programming.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Review
- Establishment of the early gut microbiota in vaginally delivered infants: the influence of maternal gut microbiota outweighs vaginal microbiota.Microbiology spectrum · 2025Article
- Article
- Defining knowledge gaps in preterm birth research: Can biomarkers fill the gaps?Frontiers in medicine · 2025Review
- Unveiling the placental bacterial microbiota: implications for maternal and infant health.Frontiers in physiology · 2025Review
- Molecular detection of bacteria, placental inflammation, and neonatal sepsis risk.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2024Article
- Maternal Group B Streptococcus Infection Correlates Inversely With Preeclampsia in Pregnant African American Women.Maternal-fetal medicine (Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.) · 2024Article
- Is there a placental microbiota? A critical review and re-analysis of published placental microbiota datasets.BMC microbiology · 2023Review
- pH Drives Differences in Bacterial Community β-Diversity in Hydrologically Connected Lake Sediments.Microorganisms · 2023Article
- Microbiome Changes in Pregnancy Disorders.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Article
- Fetal inflammatory response at the fetomaternal interface: A requirement for labor at term and preterm.Immunological reviews · 2022Review
- Maternal and early life exposures and their potential to influence development of the microbiome.Genome medicine · 2022Review
- Lessons from the Embryo: an Unrejected Transplant and a Benign Tumor.Stem cell reviews and reports · 2021Review
- Enhanced treatment of shale gas fracturing waste fluid through plant-microbial synergism.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The immunologic paradigm of pregnancy led to the conceptualization of pregnancy as an organ transplant that requires, for its success, suppression of the maternal immune system. Growing scientific evidence suggests that in many ways the placenta functions as a tumor rather than a transplant and the immune regulation of the maternal-fetal interface is the result of the coordinated interaction between all its cellular components, including bacteria. Examining the role of microbiota in reproduction is in its infancy, but there is growing literature that supports its relevance. We discuss a potential normal function of bacteria in the establishment of immune tolerance and compelling evidence that a viral infection might be the underlying cause of perturbation of homeostasis. There is compelling evidence that many infectious diseases of human beings are caused by >1 microorganism and are defined as polymicrobial infections. We propose that pregnancy complications, such as preterm birth, are the result of polymicrobial infections. We examine the potential cellular and molecular mechanisms by which a viral infection of the placenta might disrupt the normal interaction between the cellular component of the implantation site and bacteria. As we better understand the normal homeostasis among the maternal immune system, placenta, and commensal, we will be able to elucidate pathogenic conditions and design better approaches to treat pregnancy complications associated with infection.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.